Interleukin 1β inhibits CAR‐induced expression of hepatic genes involved in drug and bilirubin clearance

Eric Assenat, Sabine Gerbal‐Chaloin, Dominique Larrey, Jean Saric, Jean‐Michel Fabre, Patrick Maurel, Marie‐José Vilarem, Jean Marc Pascussi – 19 August 2004 – During the inflammatory response, intrahepatic cholestasis and decreased drug metabolism are frequently observed.

Direct enumeration and functional assessment of circulating dendritic cells in patients with liver disease

Anne M. Wertheimer, Antony Bakke, Hugo R. Rosen – 13 August 2004 – Chronic liver disease has been shown to be associated with diminished humoral and cellular immune function. Although antigen‐presenting cells (APC) that initiate immune responses include various cells (B cells, endothelial cells, macrophages, etc.), the dendritic cell (DC) is a professional APC that activates naive T cells most efficiently.

Portal fibrosis and hepatic steatosis in morbidly obese subjects: A spectrum of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Gary A. Abrams, Sachin S. Kunde, Audrey J. Lazenby, Ronald H. Clements – 13 August 2004 – Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a progressive form of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) that can lead to hepatic fibrosis and cirrhosis. Portal fibrosis in the absence of NASH, called isolated portal fibrosis (IPF), has received less attention and has not been classified as a spectrum of NAFLD.

Novel peptide‐based vaccines efficiently prime murine “help”‐independent CD8+ T cell responses in the liver

Nektarios Dikopoulos, Petra Riedl, Reinhold Schirmbeck, Jörg Reimann – 13 August 2004 – Vaccines for the prophylactic and/or therapeutic immunization against hepatotropic pathogens (e.g., hepatitis B and hepatitis C virus) should establish long‐lasting, specific antiviral effector/memory CD8+ T cell immunity in the liver. We describe a novel peptide‐based vaccine in which antigenic major histocompatibility complex Class I–binding peptides are fused to a cationic (e.g., human immunodeficiency virus tat‐derived) domain and complexed to immune‐stimulating oligonucleotides.

Retinoic acid receptor α dominant negative form causes steatohepatitis and liver tumors in transgenic mice

Atsushi Yanagitani, Sadako Yamada, Sakiko Yasui, Takashi Shimomura, Rie Murai, Yoshiyuki Murawaki, Koichi Hashiguchi, Takamasa Kanbe, Toshiya Saeki, Miho Ichiba, Yoshitada Tanabe, Yoko Yoshida, Shin‐ichi Morino, Akihiro Kurimasa, Nobumitsu Usuda, Hidetoshi Yamazaki, Takahiro Kunisada, Hisao Ito, Yoshikazu Murawaki, Goshi Shiota – 13 August 2004 – Although attention has focused on the chemopreventive action of retinoic acid (RA) in hepatocarcinogenesis, the functional role of RA in the liver has yet to be clarified.

Keratin 8 and 18 hyperphosphorylation is a marker of progression of human liver disease

Diana M. Toivola, Nam‐On Ku, Evelyn Z. Resurreccion, David R. Nelson, Teresa L. Wright, M. Bishr Omary – 13 August 2004 – Keratin 8 and 18 (K8/18) phosphorylation plays a significant and site‐specific role in regulating keratin filament organization, association with binding proteins, and modulation of cell cycle progression. Keratin hyperphosphorylation correlates with exposure to a variety of stresses in cultured cells and in mouse models of liver, pancreatic, and gallbladder injury, and it is found in association with mouse and human Mallory bodies.

Antiviral CD8‐mediated responses in chronic HCV carriers with HBV superinfection

Carolina Boni, Barbara Amadei, Simona Urbani, Paola Fisicaro, Alessandro Zerbini, Cristina Mori, Gabriele Missale, Roberto Bertoni, Annalisa Azzurri, Gianfranco Del Prete, Carlo Ferrari – 13 August 2004 – Hepatitis B virus (HBV) superinfection in chronic hepatitis C represents a natural model to investigate whether or not hepatitis C virus (HCV) can influence priming and maturation of antiviral T cells; whether or not HBV superinfection, which is known to determine control of HCV replication, can restore HCV‐specific T cell responsiveness; and whether or not cytokines stimulated by HBV infe

Immunolocalization of extracellular matrix components and integrins during mouse liver development

Nobuyoshi Shiojiri, Yoshinori Sugiyama – 13 August 2004 – Intrahepatic biliary cell differentiation takes place in periportal hepatoblasts under the influence of the subjacent connective tissue, the mechanism of which is still unclear. This study was undertaken to analyze the immunolocalization of extracellular matrix components and their cellular receptors during mouse liver development, with special attention given to biliary differentiation and vascular development.

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