Sameer Jauhar, Jayant A. Talwalkar, Terry Schneekloth, Sheila Jowsey, Russell H. Wiesner, K. V. Narayanan Menon – 26 February 2004 – Alcoholic liver disease has become a major indication for liver transplantation in the United States. Factors that predict alcohol relapse after liver transplantation are poorly defined. The aim of our study was to identify predictors of alcohol relapse in patients undergoing liver transplantation for alcoholic liver disease.

Valeria Ghisetti, Alfredo Marzano, Fausto Zamboni, Anna Barbui, Alessandro Franchello, Silvia Gaia, Giovanna Marchiaro, Mauro Salizzoni, Mario Rizzetto – 26 February 2004 – Occult Hepatitis B virus (o‐HBV) infection has been reported in HB surface antigen (HBsAg)‐negative liver donors whose risk of transmitting HBV justifies a specific prophylaxis in liver recipients. The clinical significance of o‐HBV infection in HBsAg‐negative recipients and their need for prophylaxis is unknown.

Michael O. Lovell, K. Vincent Speeg, Glenn A. Halff, D. Kimberley Molina, Francis E. Sharkey – 26 February 2004 – The histologic diagnosis of acute hepatic allograft rejection is usually based upon the identification of characteristic portal tract features. In addition to these, centrilobular alterations such as central vein endothelialitis, zone 3 inflammation, and hepatocyte necrosis may also be seen during episodes of acute rejection.

Yuji Soejima, Mitsuo Shimada, Taketoshi Suehiro, Shoji Hiroshige, Hisashi Gondo, Akiyoshi Takami, Shizuka Yasue, Yoshihiko Maehara – 26 February 2004 – Graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD) is the most common and well‐known cause of morbidity and mortality following allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Sporadic cases have been reported after cadaveric donor liver transplantation with usually fatal outcomes, however, the actual incidence and the characteristics of GVHD after living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) remain unknown.

A. Joseph Tector, Jonathan A. Fridell, Richard S. Mangus, Ashesh Shah, Martin Milgrom, Paul Kwo, Naga Chalasani, Hwan Yoo, Dale Rouch, Suthat Liangpunsakul, Scott Herring, Lawrence Lumeng – 26 February 2004 – Induction therapy with T‐cell depleting drugs in liver transplantation is controversial. This study examined the use of rabbit antithymocyte globulin (RATG) with delayed introduction of tacrolimus in liver transplant recipients. Additional subgroup analysis compared patients with or without hepatitis C (HCV) cirrhosis. Over 17 months, 116 adults received 120 liver allografts.

Julie R. Jonsson, Wenyi Gu, Daina M. Vanags, G. Alex Bishop, Geoffrey W. McCaughan, Jonathon Fawcett, Stephen V. Lynch, Glenda A. Balderson, Elizabeth E. Powell, Andrew D. Clouston – 26 February 2004 – Experimental models of orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) have shown that the very early events post‐OLT are critical in distinguishing immunogenic and tolerogenic reactions. In rodents, increased leukocyte apoptosis and cytokine expression have been demonstrated in tolerogenic strain combinations. Information from human OLT recipients is less abundant.

Shawna L. Ehlers, James R. Rodrigue, Michelle R. Widows, Alan I. Reed, David R. Nelson – 26 February 2004 – Compared to alcohol use, and despite its potential health implications, tobacco use among candidates and recipients of orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) has not been the focus of much attention. The purpose of the present study is to examine lifetime pre‐ and post‐OLT prevalence rates of tobacco use, relapse rates after OLT, and comorbid use of alcohol and tobacco.

Roopa Kohli‐Seth, Claude Killu, May Jennifer Amolat, John Oropello, Anthony Manasia, Andrew Leibowitz, Adel Bassily‐Marcus, Ernest Benjamin – 26 February 2004 – Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia (BOOP) has been described after bone marrow, lung, heart‐lung, and renal transplantation, but rarely after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). We report a case of BOOP after OLT to emphasize BOOP as an under diagnosed and treatable cause of nonresolving pneumonia, which may not be preventable by maintenance low‐dose prednisone.

Masayuki Fujino, Yusuke Kitazawa, Mikiko Kawasaki, Naoko Funeshima, Hiromitsu Kimura, Toshiharu Nakajima, Hirohisa Saito, Xiao‐Kang Li – 26 February 2004 – Induction of tolerance to allogeneic donor grafts is a clinically desirable goal in bone marrow and solid organ transplantation. We have taken the advantage of DNA microarray technology to investigate gene expression mechanism in regulatory cells.

Lisa M. Forman, James F. Trotter, Jean Emond – 26 February 2004