Influence of human immunodeficiency virus infection on chronic hepatitis B in homosexual men

Jean‐François Colin, Dominique Cazals‐Hatem, Marie Anne Loriot, Michèle Martinot‐Peignoux, Bach Nga Pham, Anne Auperin, Claude Degott, Jean‐Pierre Benhamou, Serge Erlinger, Dominique Valla, Patrick Marcellin – 30 December 2003 – The aim of this study was to assess the influence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection on chronic hepatitis B.

Hepatic and extrahepatic malignancies in primary biliary cirrhosis

Annarosa Floreani, Anna Baragiotta, Vincenzo Baldo, Tiziana Menegon, Fabio Farinati, Remo Naccarato – 30 December 2003 – Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is rarely reported as a complication of primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). However, data suggest that patients with PBC have an increased incidence of breast cancer when compared with the general population.

Effect of chronic coadministration of endotoxin and ethanol on rat liver pathology and proinflammatory and anti‐inflammatory cytokines

Harri A. Järveläinen, Che Fang, Magnus Ingelman‐Sundberg, Kai O. Lindros – 30 December 2003 – To better understand how gut‐derived endotoxins influence alcohol‐induced liver injury and the expression of inflammatory cytokines a new animal model was developed. After 2 weeks on a modified ethanol‐containing liquid diet, some rats also were infused with endotoxin via osmotic minipumps for 4 additional weeks. Ethanol diet alone increased plasma endotoxin threefold to 9.3 pg/mL. Endotoxin infusion increased the levels to 388 and 513 pg/mL in controls and ethanol‐fed animals, respectively.

Decision‐analysis of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt versus distal splenorenal shunt for portal hypertension

Steven L. Zacks, Robert S. Sandler, Andrea K. Biddle, Matthew A. Mauro, Robert S. Brown – 30 December 2003 – Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) and surgical distal splenorenal shunt (DSRS) are treatments for complications of portal hypertension. TIPS is widely used because it is relatively easy to place. Because TIPS may malfunction over time, it is unclear whether TIPS is superiorto DSRS in patients with Child's class A cirrhosis who enjoy a longer survival. This study compared the cost‐effectiveness of TIPS to DSRSfor portal hypertension in Child's class A cirrhosis.

Differential effect of thioacetamide on hepatic methionine adenosyltransferase expression in the rat

Zong‐Zhi Huang, José M. Mato, Gary Kanel, Shelly C. Lu – 30 December 2003 – Liver‐specific and non–liver‐specific methionine adenosyltransferase (MAT) are products of two genes, MAT1A and MAT2A, respectively, that catalyze the formation ofS‐adenosylmethionine (SAM), the principal methyl donor. Mature liver expresses mainly MAT1A. We showed a switch from MAT1A to MAT2A gene expression in human liver cancer cells that may offer a growth advantage.

Modeling the hepatitis C virus epidemic in france

Sylvie Deuffic, Laurent Buffat, Thierry Poynard, Alain‐Jacques Valleron – 30 December 2003 – A backcalculation approach allows a reconstruction of the history of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in France and predictions of mortality from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) related to the virus. The model uses information from the literature about the natural history of the disease, epidemiological data about infected subjects in three French cohorts, and mortality data from national statistics.

The “early‐sorting” endocytic compartment of rat hepatocytes is involved in the intracellular pathway of caveolin‐1 (VIP‐21)

Albert Pol, Maria Calvo, Albert Lu, Carlos Enrich – 30 December 2003 – The sinusoidal plasma membrane of the hepatocyte is organized into functional and structural microdomains whose origin, maintenance, and functioning are closely related with the endocytic compartment. Three different subcellular fractions, from rat liver, containing caveolin‐1, the structural protein of caveolae, were morphologically and biochemically characterized.

Characterization of a reproducible rat model of hepatic veno‐occlusive disease

Laurie D. DeLeve, Robert S. McCuskey, Xiangdong Wang, Liping Hu, Margaret K. McCuskey, Robert B. Epstein, Gary C. Kanel – 30 December 2003 – Lack of a reproducible animal model has hampered progress in understanding hepatic veno‐occlusive disease (HVOD). This article characterizes a reproducible model of HVOD. Rats gavaged with monocrotaline, 160 mg/kg, were killed between days 1 and 10.

Development of a new, simple rat model of early alcohol‐induced liver injury based on sensitization of kupffer cells

Nobuyuki Enomoto, Shunhei Yamashina, Hiroshi Kono, Peter Schemmer, Chantal A. Rivera, Ayako Enomoto, Teruhiro Nishiura, Tetsuro Nishimura, David A. Brenner, Ronald G. Thurman – 30 December 2003 – The continuous intragastric in vivo enteral feeding model in the rat developed by Tsukamoto and French has been very useful; however, it requires surgical expertise. Recently, we found that Kupffer cells isolated from rats treated only once with ethanol were sensitized to endotoxin 24 hours later.

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