Alan Cahill, Gabriel J. Stabley, Xiaolan Wang, Jan B. Hoek – 30 December 2003 – Chronic ethanol consumption adversely affects the respiratory activity of rat liver mitochondria. It causes increased cellular production of oxygen radical species and selectively decreases mitochondrial glutathione (GSH) levels. Here we show, using Southern hybridization techniques on total rat genomic DNA, that long‐term (11‐13 months) ethanol feeding, using the Lieber‐DeCarli diet, results in a 36% (P < .05; n = 4) decrease in hepatic mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) levels when compared with paired controls.

Zobair M. Younossi, Mendel E. Singer, John G. McHutchison, Kenneth M. Shermock – 30 December 2003 – Treatment of chronic hepatitis C with Interferon (IFN) α2b monotherapy results in 10% to 15% sustained virological response (SVR). Combining IFN with ribavirin increases this response. In this analysis, using the Markov model, 6 treatment strategies for chronic hepatitis C (previously untreated) were compared on the basis of incremental cost per additional quality‐adjusted life years ($/QALY).

Romil Saxena, Neil D. Theise, James M. Crawford – 30 December 2003

Alex B. Lentsch, Hiroyuki Yoshidome, Atsushi Kato, Roscoe L. Warner, William G. Cheadle, Peter A. Ward, Michael J. Edwards – 30 December 2003 – Hepatic ischemia and reperfusion causes neutrophil‐dependent liver injury. Although the mechanisms of ischemia/reperfusion‐induced liver neutrophil recruitment are somewhat understood, less is known regarding the early events that initiate the inflammatory injury. Using a murine model of partial hepatic ischemia and reperfusion, we evaluated the role of endogenous interleukin (IL)‐12 in this inflammatory response.

Hartmut Jaeschke – 30 December 2003

Victor Ankoma‐Sey, Yun Wang, Zhihao Dai – 30 December 2003 – The tissue repair response to hypoxic stimuli during wound healing includes enhanced production of angiogenic factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Hepatic stellate cells are oxygen‐sensing cells, capable of producing VEGF. We hypothesized that hypoxia‐stimulated signaling in activated stellate cells mediate VEGF secretion during liver injury.

Xiaofeng Xiong, Huiling Yang, Christopher E. Westland, Ruiming Zou, Craig S. Gibbs – 30 December 2003 – Several mutations (V521L, P525L, L528M, T532S, and V555I) in the gene for hepatitis B virus (HBV) polymerase have been identified in HBV isolated from patients that displayed break‐through viremia during famciclovir treatment.

Elizabeth M. Brunt – 30 December 2003

Detlef Schuppan, Ji‐Dong Jia, Benno Brinkhaus, Eckhart G. Hahn – 30 December 2003

Surinder S. Yadav, David Sindram, David K. Perry, Pierre‐Alain Clavien – 30 December 2003 – A short period of ischemia and reperfusion, called ischemic preconditioning, protects various tissues against subsequent sustained ischemic insults. We previously showed that apoptosis of hepatocytes and sinusoidal endothelial cells is a critical mechanism of injury in the ischemic liver.