James R. McConnell, Dean L. Antonson, Chin Siong Ong, Wei‐Kom Chu, Ira J. Fox, Thomas G. Heffron, Alan N. Langnas, Byers W. Shaw – 1 July 1995 – Evidence indicates that the accumulation of glutamine in the brain plays an important role in the pathogenesis and severity of the encephalopathy of acute liver failure (ALF). This study uses in vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (<1>H MRS) to assess brain glutamine (GLN) in five cases of acute liver failure.

Anke Kretz‐Rommel, Urs A. Boelsterli – 1 July 1995 – To evaluate whether hepatocellular protein adducts of the nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug diclofenac could elicit a specific cell‐mediated or antibody‐dependent immune response that eventually results in liver cell destruction, we developed a murine ex vivo/in vitro mixed lymphocyte hepatocyte culture (MLHC) model. C57BL/6 mice were immunized either with diclofenac conjugated to keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) or with KLH alone.

Anna Mae Diehl, Shi Qi Yang, Ming Yin, Hui Zhi Lin, Steve Nelson, Greg Bagby – 1 July 1995 – Injury‐related cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor–alpha (TNF), may preserve liver‐specific gene expression during the subsequent regenerative response by modulating the activity of transcription factors, including CCAAT/enhancer binding proteins (C/EBPs), which regulate differentiated gene expression in hepato‐cytes.

Salahuddin Syed Ahmed, Hiroyuki Muro, Masahiko Nishimura, Isao Kosugi, Yoshihiro Tsutsui, Haruyuki Shirasawa – 1 July 1995 – In systemic lupus erythematosus accompanied by the abnormal appearance of circulating immune complexes (ICs), Fcγ receptor (FcR)–mediated IC handling in macrophages including Kupffer cells has been shown previously. However, sinusoidal endothelial cells (SECs) largely ingest soluble immunoglobulin (Ig) G–ICs through FcRs.

John R. Lake – 1 July 1995

Franco Trevisani, Alessandra Colantoni, Giuseppe Sica, Antonio Gasbarrini, Paola Emanuela D'Intino, Stefania De Notariis, Rosaria De Jaso, Annarita Barbieri, Antonello Morselli, Giovanni Gasbarrini, Mauro Bernardi – 1 July 1995 – Controversial results come from spot measurements of plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) in compensated cirrhotic patients. Moreover, either blunted or exaggerated natriuresis has been described after maneuvers increasing plasma ANP. This does not make it possible to delineate the ANP effectiveness.

Linda M. Arterburn, Joanne Zurlo, James D. Yager, Regina M. Overton, Aaron H. Heifetz – 1 July 1995 – A problem traditionally encountered with primary hepatocyte cultures is their rapid dedifferentiation, which is reflected not only in decreased liver‐specific functions, but also in dedifferentiated morphology: the cells flatten, depolarize, and lose many of the surface characteristics of normal hepatocytes in vivo.

Mark J. Neveu, James R. Hully, Karlee L. Babcock, Jennifer Vaughan, Elliot L. Hertzberg, Bruce J. Nicholson, David L. Paul, Henry C. Pitot – 1 July 1995 – After a 70% partial hepatectomy (PH), the steady‐state levels of Connexin (Cx)32, Cx26, and Cx43 messenger RNA (mRNA) transcripts each displayed unique patterns of temporal expression. Within 1 hour after surgical resection, increased expression of all three Cx mRNAs was observed. Subsequently, the level of Cx32 mRNA transcripts transiently decreased to a nadir at 12 hours.

Lynell W. Klassen, Dean Tuma, Michael F. Sorrell – 1 July 1995

Osamu Nakashima, Shigetaka Sugihara, Masayoshi Kage, Masamici Kojiro – 1 July 1995 – Some surgically resected small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) up to 2 cm in diameter have indistinct margins, and it is sometimes difficult to identify the margins of the cancer nodule in the resected specimen. We classified such tumors as small HCC with indistinct margins and carried out a morphological study to define their characteristics in comparison with small HCC with distinct margins as a control group. We have encountered 27 examples among 86 tumors smaller than 2.0 cm in diameter.