Antonio Benedetti, Luca Marucci, Cristina Bassotti, Carlo Guidarelli, Anne Marie Jezequel – 1 July 1995 – The fungal metabolite Brefeldin A (BFA) has become a valuable tool to address mechanisms of membrane transport in eukaryotic cells. The aim of the study was to investigate the action of BFA on the endocytic and transcytotic pathways in the biliary epithelium. Intrahepatic bile ductules were isolated from rat liver by collagenase digestion and mechanical separation of biliary tree from parenchymal tissue.

Shigenobu Kawai, Fumio Imazeki, Osamu Yokosuka, Masao Ohto, Shuichiro Shina, Naoya Kato, Masao Omata – 1 July 1995 – Analysis of X‐chromosome inactivation patterns in women has been used to assess the clonality of various tumors. In this report, we analyzed 27 liver tumors in women, including 18 samples obtained by the performance of ultrasonically guided thin‐needle biopsies. By analysis of the heterogeneity of phosphoglycerate kinase gene, 11 of 27 (41%) cases were found to be heterozygous at the gene.

1 July 1995

Olivier Farges, Henri Bismuth, Mylène Sebagh, Michel Reynes, Vijayan Balan, Michael K. Porayko, Ruud A. F. Krom, Russell H. Wiesner, Kenneth P. Batts, Jurgen Ludwig – 1 June 1995

Masahiko Morita, Yoshifumi Watanabe, Toshihiro Akaike – 1 June 1995 – We examined the interactive effect of several cytokines (interleukin‐1 beta [IL‐1β], tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF‐α], interferon gamma [IFN‐γ], IL‐6, IFN‐α/B, and hepatocyte growth factor [HGF]) presumably involved in hepatitis, on primary cultured murine hepatocytes. Among these cytokines, only IFN‐γ induced LDH release from hepatocytes in both time‐ and dose‐dependent fashions. The cytotoxic effect was inhibited by antiserum—containing anti‐mouse IFN‐γ monoclonal antibodies (R4‐6A2).

1 June 1995

Kathleen Schwarz – 1 June 1995 – Endogenous DNA adducts may contribute to the etiology of human genetic disease and cancer. One potential source of endogenous DNA adducts is lipid peroxidation, which generates mutagenic carbonyl compounds such as malondialdehyde. A sensitive mass spectrometric method permitted detection and quantitation of the major malondialdehyde‐DNA adduct, a pyrimidopurinone derived from deoxyguanosine. DNA from disease‐free human liver was found to contain 5400 adducts per cell, a frequency comparable to that of adducts formed by exogenous carcinogens.

Tushar Patel, Gregory J. Gores – 1 June 1995

Leonid Yavorkovsky, Eva Lai, Zoran Ilic, Stewart Sell – 1 June 1995 – To determine the involvement of different hepatocyte populations in response to periportal injury, the restitutive response to allyl alcohol (AA) injury was examined.

Andreas K. Nussler, Mauricio Di Silvio, Zhi‐Ze Liu, David A. Geller, Paul Freeswick, Kenneth Dorko, Fabio Bartoli, Timothy R. Billiar – 1 June 1995 – Marked differences in induced nitric oxide (NO) synthesis occur between species. We have previously shown that both human and rat hepatocytes express an inducible NO synthase in response to cytokines and lipopolysaccharide. In this study, we compare the expression and regulation of cytokine‐induced NO synthase in hepatocytes isolated from three species, human, rat, and mouse.