Vaccination of Chimpanzees With Plasmid DNA Encoding the Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Envelope E2 Protein Modified the Infection After Challenge With Homologous Monoclonal HCV

Xavier Forns, Paul J. Payette, Xiaoying Ma, William Satterfield, Gerald Eder, Isa K. Mushahwar, Sugantha Govindarajan, Heather L. Davis, Suzanne U. Emerson, Robert H. Purcell, Jens Bukh – 30 December 2003 – Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is an important cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. Development of vaccines to prevent HCV infection, or at least prevent progression to chronicity, is a major goal. In mice and rhesus macaques, a DNA vaccine encoding cell‐surface HCV–envelope 2 (E2) glycoprotein stimulated stronger immune responses than a vaccine encoding intracellular E2.

Natural history of inoperable hepatocellular carcinoma: Estrogen receptors' status in the tumor is the strongest prognostic factor for survival

Erica Villa, Anna Moles, Ilva Ferretti, Paola Buttafoco, Antonella Grottola, Mariagrazia Del Buono, Mario De Santis, Federico Manenti – 30 December 2003 – Clinical course in hepatocellular carcinoma may be very different. We prospectively evaluated 96 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma unsuitable for radical therapy to investigate factors that could influence survival. Clinical, pathologic, and molecular data of patients were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis. The overall actuarial probability of survival at year 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 was 72%, 41%, 38%, 24%, 20%, and 9%.

Interferon beta prevents recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma after complete resection or ablation of the primary tumor—A prospective randomized study of hepatitis C virus–related liver cancer

Kenji Ikeda, Yasuji Arase, Satoshi Saitoh, Masahiro Kobayashi, Yoshiyuki Suzuki, Fumitaka Suzuki, Akihito Tsubota, Kazuaki Chayama, Naoya Murashima, Hiromitsu Kumada – 30 December 2003 – Because hepatocellular carcinoma often recurs after surgical resection or ethanol injection therapy, we conducted a prospective randomized controlled trial of interferon (IFN) in patients with chronic liver disease caused by hepatitis C virus (HCV).

Common and epithelioid variants of hepatic angiomyolipoma exhibit clonal growth and share a distinctive immunophenotype

Peer Flemming, Ulrich Lehmann, Thomas Becker, Jürgen Klempnauer, Hans Kreipe – 30 December 2003 – Angiomyolipoma represents a rare liver tumor of uncertain histogenesis that is commonly considered a hamartoma. A series of 12 hepatic angiomyolipomas, including 3 samples of the epithelioid subtype, was analyzed for clonality using the human androgen receptor gene locus (HUMARA). Four of 6 informative cases revealed monoclonality. The polyclonal pattern in the 2 remaining cases was most probably caused by excessive infiltration of inflammatory cells.

Superparamagnetic iron oxide–enhanced magnetic resonance images of hepatocellular carcinoma: Correlation with histological grading

Yasuharu Imai, Takamichi Murakami, Shigeyuki Yoshida, Masahiro Nishikawa, Masahiko Ohsawa, Koh Tokunaga, Masaru Murata, Kunitaka Shibata, Shinichiro Zushi, Masanori Kurokawa, Takeshi Yonezawa, Sumio Kawata, Manabu Takamura, Hiroaki Nagano, Masato Sakon, Morito Monden, Kenichi Wakasa, Hironobu Nakamura – 30 December 2003 – Superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO)–enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging has been used for the detection of hepatic tumors. However, little is known about this technique in relation to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Pretransplantation hepatitis C virus quasispecies may be predictive of outcome after liver transplantation

Shawn J. Pelletier, Daniel P. Raymond, Traves D. Crabtree, Julia C. Iezzoni, Robert G. Sawyer, Young S. Hahn, Timothy L. Pruett – 30 December 2003 – The evolution of hepatitis C virus (HCV) envelope variation was studied using a liver‐transplant model to evaluate the role of HCV quasispecies for hepatocyte infection.

Iron reduction as an adjuvant to interferon therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C who have previously not responded to interferon: A multicenter, prospective, randomized, controlled trial

Adrian M. Di Bisceglie, Herbert L. Bonkovsky, Sanjiv Chopra, Stephen Flamm, Rajender K. Reddy, Norman Grace, Paul Killenberg, Christine Hunt, Carlo Tamburro, Anthony S. Tavill, Roy Ferguson, Edward Krawitt, Barbara Banner, Bruce R. Bacon – 30 December 2003 – Hepatic iron concentration has consistently been observed as being directly correlated with the response to interferon therapy in chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV).

High‐lose and long‐term therapy with interferon‐alfa inhibits tumor growth and recurrence in nude mice bearing human hepatocellular carcinoma xenografts with high metastatic potential

Lu Wang, Zhao‐You Tang, Lun‐Xiu Qin, Xiao‐Feng Wu, Hui‐Chuan Sun, Qiong Xue, Sheng‐Long Ye – 30 December 2003 – Postoperative recurrence of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the major issue that must be addressed to further improve prognosis. This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of interferon‐alfa‐1b (IFN‐α‐1b) on recurrent tumor and metastasis after curative resection in nude mice bearing an HCC xenograft with high metastatic potential. Tumor tissues from LCI‐D20, a metastatic model of HCC in nude mice, were orthotopically implanted in 105 nude mice.

Mrp2 is essential for estradiol‐17β(β‐D ‐glucuronide)–induced cholestasis in rats

Liyue Huang, Johan W. Smit, Dirk K. Meijer, Mary Vore – 30 December 2003 – The present study evaluates the roles of the multidrug resistance‐1 P‐glycoprotein, Mdr1a/1b, the bile salt export pump (Bsep), and the multidrug resistance‐associated protein‐2 (Mrp2) in mediating cholestasis induced by estradiol‐17β(β‐d ‐glucuronide) (E2 17G). Administration of [3H]E2 17G (18 nmol/g body weight) gave a similar degree of cholestasis and biliary excretion of E2 17G‐equivalents in wild‐type and Mdr1a‐/‐/1b‐/‐ mice.

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