Persistent hepatitis C virus infection after liver transplantation: Clinical and virological features

David R. Gretch, Carlos E. Bacchi, Lawrence Corey, Corazon Dela Rosa, Richard R. Lesniewski, Kris Kowdley, Allen Gown, Indra Frank, James D. Perkins, Robert L. Carithers – 1 July 1995 – We report a prospective clinical and virological study of 18 patients undergoing orthotopic liver transplantation, selected because of hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA positivity before transplantation. Nine of the 18 patients (50%) developed chronic active hepatitis (CAH) in liver allografts during the first year posttransplantation; hepatitis was first observed between 6 and 25 weeks post‐transplantation.

Proton spectroscopy of brain glutamine in acute liver failure

James R. McConnell, Dean L. Antonson, Chin Siong Ong, Wei‐Kom Chu, Ira J. Fox, Thomas G. Heffron, Alan N. Langnas, Byers W. Shaw – 1 July 1995 – Evidence indicates that the accumulation of glutamine in the brain plays an important role in the pathogenesis and severity of the encephalopathy of acute liver failure (ALF). This study uses in vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (<1>H MRS) to assess brain glutamine (GLN) in five cases of acute liver failure.

Cytotoxic activity of T cells and non‐T cells from diclofenac‐immunized mice against cultured syngeneic hepatocytes exposed to diclofenac

Anke Kretz‐Rommel, Urs A. Boelsterli – 1 July 1995 – To evaluate whether hepatocellular protein adducts of the nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug diclofenac could elicit a specific cell‐mediated or antibody‐dependent immune response that eventually results in liver cell destruction, we developed a murine ex vivo/in vitro mixed lymphocyte hepatocyte culture (MLHC) model. C57BL/6 mice were immunized either with diclofenac conjugated to keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) or with KLH alone.

Tumor necrosis factor–alpha modulates CCAAT/enhancer binding proteins–DNA binding activities and promotes hepatocyte‐specific gene expression during liver regeneration

Anna Mae Diehl, Shi Qi Yang, Ming Yin, Hui Zhi Lin, Steve Nelson, Greg Bagby – 1 July 1995 – Injury‐related cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor–alpha (TNF), may preserve liver‐specific gene expression during the subsequent regenerative response by modulating the activity of transcription factors, including CCAAT/enhancer binding proteins (C/EBPs), which regulate differentiated gene expression in hepato‐cytes.

Fc receptors in liver sinusoidal endothelial cells in NZB/W F1 lupus mice: A histological analysis using soluble immunoglobulin G–immune complexes and a monoclonal antibody (2.4G2)

Salahuddin Syed Ahmed, Hiroyuki Muro, Masahiko Nishimura, Isao Kosugi, Yoshihiro Tsutsui, Haruyuki Shirasawa – 1 July 1995 – In systemic lupus erythematosus accompanied by the abnormal appearance of circulating immune complexes (ICs), Fcγ receptor (FcR)–mediated IC handling in macrophages including Kupffer cells has been shown previously. However, sinusoidal endothelial cells (SECs) largely ingest soluble immunoglobulin (Ig) G–ICs through FcRs.

High plasma levels of atrial natriuretic peptide in preascitic cirrhosis: Indirect evidence of reduced natriuretic effectiveness of the peptide

Franco Trevisani, Alessandra Colantoni, Giuseppe Sica, Antonio Gasbarrini, Paola Emanuela D'Intino, Stefania De Notariis, Rosaria De Jaso, Annarita Barbieri, Antonello Morselli, Giovanni Gasbarrini, Mauro Bernardi – 1 July 1995 – Controversial results come from spot measurements of plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) in compensated cirrhotic patients. Moreover, either blunted or exaggerated natriuresis has been described after maneuvers increasing plasma ANP. This does not make it possible to delineate the ANP effectiveness.

A morphological study of differentiated hepatocytes in vitro

Linda M. Arterburn, Joanne Zurlo, James D. Yager, Regina M. Overton, Aaron H. Heifetz – 1 July 1995 – A problem traditionally encountered with primary hepatocyte cultures is their rapid dedifferentiation, which is reflected not only in decreased liver‐specific functions, but also in dedifferentiated morphology: the cells flatten, depolarize, and lose many of the surface characteristics of normal hepatocytes in vivo.

Proliferation‐associated differences in the spatial and temporal expression of gap junction genes in rat liver

Mark J. Neveu, James R. Hully, Karlee L. Babcock, Jennifer Vaughan, Elliot L. Hertzberg, Bruce J. Nicholson, David L. Paul, Henry C. Pitot – 1 July 1995 – After a 70% partial hepatectomy (PH), the steady‐state levels of Connexin (Cx)32, Cx26, and Cx43 messenger RNA (mRNA) transcripts each displayed unique patterns of temporal expression. Within 1 hour after surgical resection, increased expression of all three Cx mRNAs was observed. Subsequently, the level of Cx32 mRNA transcripts transiently decreased to a nadir at 12 hours.

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