Beatriz Gonzalez‐Flecha, Claudia Reides, Juan C. Cutrin, Susana F. Llesuy, Alberto Boveris – 1 October 1993 – In this article the spontaneous chemiluminescence and the steady‐state concentration of hydrogen peroxide were determined in rat liver as indicators of oxidative stress in the tissue. Hydroperoxide‐initiated chemiluminescence and the activity of antioxidant enzymes (catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase) were also measured to evaluate antioxidant defenses and serum activity of lactate dehydrogenase and aspartate aminotransferase.

Julio Martin, Orencio Bosch, Gloria Moraleda, Javier Bartolome, Juan Antonio Quiroga, Vicente Carreño – 1 October 1993 – Recombinant human granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor is being used to improve the immunological function of patients with various diseases and to ameliorate hematological disorders.

Ching‐Lung Lai, Benjamin Chun‐Yu Wong, Eng‐Kiong Yeoh, Wai‐Ling Lim, Wai‐Kwan Chang, Hsiang‐Ju Lin – 1 October 1993 – In a prospective randomized trial, 318 children aged between 3 mo and 11 yr who were negative for all hepatitis B markers were randomized to receive two 5‐μg doses of hepatitis B recombinant DNA yeast vaccine at 0 and 1 mo (group 1), three 5‐μg doses of hepatitis B recombinant DNA yeast vaccine at 0, 1 and 6 mo (group 2) or three 10‐μg doses of plasma‐derived hepatitis B vaccine (group 3).

Charles H. Halsted, Jesús Villanueva, Carol J. Chandler, Boris Ruebner, Robert J. Munn, Seppo Parkkila, Onni Niemelä – 1 October 1993 – We established a new animal model of alcoholic liver disease in the micropig, a species that consumes ethanol voluntarily in the diet. Ten micropigs were pair‐fed diets containing 40% of calories as ethanol or cornstarch with identical amounts of fat, protein and micronutrients for 12 mo. Liver histopathology in the ethanol‐fed pigs included steatonecrosis in all five and interstitial and perivenous fibrosis in three.

Toshiyuki Kitai, Akira Tanaka, Atsuo Tokuka, Koichi Tanaka, Yoshio Yamaoka, Kazue Ozawa, Konomu Hirao – 1 October 1993 – To quantify the changes in oxygen saturation of hemoglobin in the liver in hypoxia and liver transplantation, we applied a novel method using near‐infrared spectroscopy. Instead of the conventional two‐wavelength method, we obtained near‐infrared data from a wide spectral range of 700 nm to 1,000 nm with continuous‐wave spectroscopy.

1 October 1993

Ilene C. Weitz, Howard A. Liebman – 1 October 1993

Carmen Díez‐Fernández, Lisardo Boscá, Lourdes Fernández‐Simón, Alberto Alvarez, María Cascales – 1 October 1993 – Thioacetamide proved to be a potent necrogenic agent when a single dose of 6.6 mmol/kg was administered intraperitoneally to rats. Its necrogenic ability was assessed on the basis of morphological and biochemical changes. The injury of centrilobular hepatocytes showed a peak of cell death 24 hr after thioacetamide administration; it was followed immediately by the regenerative response.

Albert J. Czaja, Herschel A. Carpenter, Paula J. Santrach, S. Breanndan Moore – 1 October 1993 – To assess the frequency and genetic predispositions of concurrent immunological diseases and immunoserological markers in autoimmune hepatitis and chronic viral hepatitis, we assessed 185 patients prospectively, including 122 patients with autoimmune hepatitis and 63 patients with viral disease. Human leukocyte antigens were determined in all patients.

Cornelis H. C. Dejong, Nicolaas E. P. Deutz, Peter B. Soeters – 1 October 1993 – The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of renal ammonia and glutamine metabolism in the metabolic adaptation to chronic liver insufficiency‐induced hyperammonemia in the rat.