Iepatic vitamin D 25‐hydroxylase: Inhibition by bile duct ligation or bile salts

Erry J. G. Bolt, Michael D. Sitrin, Murray J. Favus, Irwin H. Rosenberg – 1 September 1981 – Bone disease and low serum levels of 25‐hydroxyvitamin D are prevalent in cholestatic syndromes such as primary biliary cirrhosis and biliary atresia. Defective hydroxylation, along with malabsorption of vitamin D, could be a factor in 25‐hydroxyvitamin D depletion. To assess hepatic hydroxylation during experimental cholestasis, we studied vitamin D 25‐hydroxylase activity in liver homogenates of rats after 7, 14, and 21 days of bile duct ligation.

A controlled clinical trial of the efficacy of the hepatitis B vaccine (heptavax B): A final report

Wolf Szmuness, Cladd E. Stevens, Edith A. Zang, Edward J. Harley, Aaron Kellner – 1 September 1981 – A controlled, randomized, double‐blind trial in 1,083 homosexual men from New York confirmed that a highly purified, formalin‐inactivated vaccine against hepatitis B prepared from HBsAg positive plasma, is safe immunogenic, and highly efficacious. Over 95% of vaccinated subjects developed antibody against the surface antigen. Vaccine‐induced antibody persisted for the entire 24‐month follow‐up period.

Mallory body‐like abnormalities in carcinomas induced by cultured transformed rat liver cells

Ellen Borenfreund, Etienne DeHarven, Lorraine Garra – 1 September 1981 – Hepatoma cells isolated from rats after administration of a carcinogen, diethylnitrosamine, and propagated in culture, contained a genetically stable cytoskeletal abnormality resembling Mallory bodies. These juxtanuclear aggregates of intermediate‐sized filaments were maintained in carcinomas produced in nude mice after inoculation of uncloned mass cultures and a cloned subculture.

Formulation and application of a numerical scoring system for assessing histological activity in asymptomatic chronic active hepatitis

Robert G. Knodell, Kamal G. Ishak, William C. Black, Thomas S. Chen, Robert Craig, Neil Kaplowitz, Thomas W. Kiernan, Jerome Wollman – 1 September 1981 – A Histology Activity Index has been developed which generates a numerical score for liver biopsy specimens obtained from patients with asymptomatic chronic active hepatitis. Biopsies are graded in four categories: periportal necrosis, intralobular necrosis, portal inflammation, and fibrosis.

Balloon dilatation of stenotic portacaval anastomosis

James E. Bredfeldt, Erik G. Pingoud, Roberto J. Groszmann, M. David Tilson, Harold O. Conn – 1 September 1981 – Hemorrhage from esophageal varices is an infrequent occurrence after a portacaval anastomosis. A stenotic portacaval anastomosis resulted in persistent portal hypertension and variceal hemorrhage. Treatment by transluminal balloon dilatation of the stenotic shunt resolved the hemodynamic abnormality as demonstrated by angiographic and hemodynamic techniques.

Biliary excretion of sulfobromophthalein compounds in normal and mutant corriedale sheep. Evidence for a disproportionate transport defect for conjugated sulfobromophthalein

James L. Barnhart, Ronald R. Gronwall, Burton Combes – 1 September 1981 – Biliary excretion of dye was evaluated in three normal and one mutant Corriedale sheep (characterized by depressed biliary transport of many organic anions) during infusion of unconjugated sulfobromophthalein (BSP) and its preformed glutathione conjugate (BSP‐GSH). Maximal dye excretion rates in bile in normal sheep were higher when BSP‐GSH rather than BSP was administered. In confirmation of earlier studies, dye excretion in bile was markedly depressed in the mutant animal.

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