Post–Liver Transplant Acute Kidney Injury

Victor Dong, Mitra K. Nadim, Constantine J. Karvellas – 7 May 2021 – Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common condition following liver transplantation (LT). It negatively impacts patient outcomes by increasing the chances of developing chronic kidney disease and reducing graft and patient survival rates. Multiple definitions of AKI have been proposed and used throughout the years, with the International Club of Ascites definition being the most widely now used for patients with cirrhosis.

The Emerging Role of B Cells in the Pathogenesis of NAFLD

Fanta Barrow, Saad Khan, Haiguang Wang, Xavier S. Revelo – 6 May 2021 – NAFLD is one of the leading causes of abnormal liver function worldwide. NAFLD refers to a group of liver conditions ranging from nonalcoholic fatty liver to NASH, which involves inflammation, hepatocellular damage, and fibrosis. Triggering of inflammation in NASH is a key event in the progression of the disease, and identifying the factors that initiate or dysregulate this process is needed to develop strategies for its prevention or treatment.

Impact of Obeticholic acid Exposure on Decompensation and Mortality in Primary Biliary Cholangitis and Cirrhosis

Binu V. John, Kaley Schwartz, Cynthia Levy, Bassam Dahman, Yangyang Deng, Paul Martin, Tamar H. Taddei, David E. Kaplan – 5 May 2021 – Obeticholic acid (OCA) is approved for the treatment of patients with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) who are partial responders or intolerant to ursodeoxycholic acid. Reports of serious liver injury have raised concerns about its safety in cirrhosis. We investigated the effects of treatment with OCA on hepatic decompensation and liver‐related mortality or transplantation in a cohort with compensated PBC cirrhosis.

Transcriptional Analysis of Liver Tissue Identifies Distinct Phenotypes of Indeterminate Pediatric Acute Liver Failure

Catherine A Chapin, Sarah A Taylor, Padmini Malladi, Katie Neighbors, Hector Melin‐Aldana, Portia A Kreiger, Nina Bowsher, Matthew J Schipma, Kathleen M Loomes, Edward M Behrens, Estella M Alonso – 5 May 2021 – Many patients with indeterminate pediatric acute liver failure (PALF) have evidence of T‐cell driven immune injury; however, the precise inflammatory pathways are not well defined. We have characterized the hepatic cytokine and transcriptional signatures of patients with PALF.

Extracellular Signal‐Regulated Kinase 5 Regulates the Malignant Phenotype of Cholangiocarcinoma Cells

Alessandra Gentilini, Giulia Lori, Alessandra Caligiuri, Chiara Raggi, Giovanni Di Maira, Mirella Pastore, Benedetta Piombanti, Tiziano Lottini, Annarosa Arcangeli, Stefania Madiai, Nadia Navari, Jesus M. Banales, Sabina Di Matteo, Domenico Alvaro, Lea Duwe, Jesper B. Andersen, Alessandro Tubita, Ignazia Tusa, Luca Di Tommaso, Claudia Campani, Elisabetta Rovida, Fabio Marra – 5 May 2021

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