Ayako Sato, Sei Kakinuma, Masato Miyoshi, Akihide Kamiya, Tomoyuki Tsunoda, Shun Kaneko, Jun Tsuchiya, Taro Shimizu, Eiko Takeichi, Sayuri Nitta, Fukiko Kawai‐Kitahata, Miyako Murakawa, Yasuhiro Itsui, Mina Nakagawa, Seishin Azuma, Naohiko Koshikawa, Motoharu Seiki, Hiromitsu Nakauchi, Yasuhiro Asahina, Mamoru Watanabe – 24 December 2019 – Formation of intrahepatic bile ducts (IHBDs) proceeds in accordance with their microenvironment.

Anita M. Hoek, Elsbet J. Pieterman, José W. Hoorn, Marta Iruarrizaga‐Lejarreta, Cristina Alonso, Lars Verschuren, Tore Skjæret, Hans M.G. Princen, David A. Fraser – 24 December 2019 – Icosabutate is a structurally engineered eicosapentaenoic acid derivative under development for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH).

Yu‐Wen Chung‐Davidson, Jianfeng Ren, Chu‐Yin Yeh, Ugo Bussy, Belinda Huerta, Peter Joseph Davidson, Steven Whyard, Weiming Li – 24 December 2019 – Biliary atresia (BA) is a rare neonatal disease with unknown causes. Approximately 10% of BA cases develop in utero with other congenital defects that span a large spectrum of disease variations, including degeneration of the gall bladder and bile duct as well as malformation of the liver, intestines, and kidneys.

Eduardo A. Rodriguez, Rachel Perez, Nan Zhang, Elisabeth S. Lim, Christopher Miller, Michael A. Schwartz, Aidan J. McGirr, Ananth Srinivasan, Winston Hewitt, Alvin C. Silva, Jorge Rakela, Hugo E. Vargas – 24 December 2019 – Spontaneous portosystemic shunts (SPSSs) have been associated with worse clinical outcomes in the pre–liver transplantation (LT) setting, but little is known about their post‐LT impacts. Our aim was to compare LT candidates with and without SPSSs and assess the impact of SPSSs on patient mortality and graft survival in the post‐LT setting.

Josh Levitsky, Elisa J. Gordon – 24 December 2019 – This article analyzes the ethical soundness of living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) in situations where the transplant team does not consider deceased donor liver transplantation (DDLT) a clinical or timely option. Given that patients with end‐stage liver disease have a high risk of death without DDLT, the option of LDLT becomes compelling and may save lives.

Nicola D. Ruth, Nigel E. Drury, James Bennett, Deirdre A. Kelly – 24 December 2019 – There is close interaction between the functions of the liver and heart affecting the presentation, diagnosis, and outcome of acute and chronic cardiac and liver disease. Conditions affecting both organ systems should be considered when proposing transplantation because the interaction between cardiac disease and liver disease has implications for diagnosis, management, selection for transplantation, and, ultimately, for longterm outcomes after liver transplantation (LT).

24 December 2019

Toshihiro Kitajima, Shunji Nagai, Antu Segal, Michelle Magee, Shaundra Blackburn, Donna Ellithorpe, Siri Yeddula, Yusuf Qadeer, Atsushi Yoshida, Dilip Moonka, Kimberly Brown, Marwan S. Abouljoud – 24 December 2019 – Alcohol relapse after liver transplantation (LT) in patients with alcohol‐related liver disease (ALD) is a major challenge. Although its association with pretransplant psychosocial factors was extensively studied, the impacts of posttransplant courses on alcohol relapse have not been well investigated.

Tao Ma, Yibo Zhang, Mengyi Lao, Wen Chen, Qida Hu, Xiao Zhi, Zhiliang Chen, Xueli Bai, Xiaowei Dang, Tingbo Liang – 24 December 2019 – The comprehensive role of interleukin (IL) 18 during liver regeneration is barely studied. Our aim is to evaluate the role of IL18 in liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy (PH) in mice. The expression profile of IL18 in the liver and the gut after 70% PH was measured. Liver samples after 70% and 85% PH from IL18 knockout (IL18−/−) mice and wild type (WT) mice were collected for comparison of liver regeneration.

Kazuki Takeishi, Tomoharu Yoshizumi, Toru Ikegami, Shinji Itoh, Noboru Harada, Nao Fujimori, Takamasa Ohno, Masaki Mori – 23 December 2019