Hepatic Autophagy Deficiency Compromises Farnesoid X Receptor Functionality and Causes Cholestatic Injury

Bilon Khambu, Tiangang Li, Shengmin Yan, Changshun Yu, Xiaoyun Chen, Michael Goheen, Yong Li, Jingmei Lin, Oscar W. Cummings, Youngmin A. Lee, Scott Friedman, Zheng Dong, Gen‐Sheng Feng, Shangwei Wu, Xiao‐Ming Yin – 5 December 2018 – Autophagy is important for hepatic homeostasis, nutrient regeneration, and organelle quality control. We investigated the mechanisms by which liver injury occurred in the absence of autophagy function.

HELLS Regulates Chromatin Remodeling and Epigenetic Silencing of Multiple Tumor Suppressor Genes in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Cheuk‐Ting Law, Lai Wei, Felice Ho‐Ching Tsang, Cerise Yuen‐Ki Chan, Iris Ming‐Jing Xu, Robin Kit‐Ho Lai, Daniel Wai‐Hung Ho, Joyce Man‐Fong Lee, Carmen Chak‐Lui Wong, Irene Oi‐Lin Ng, Chun‐Ming Wong – 5 December 2018 – Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third most lethal cancer worldwide. Increasing evidence shows that epigenetic alterations play an important role in human carcinogenesis. Deregulation of DNA methylation and histone modifications have recently been characterized in HCC, but the significance of chromatin remodeling in liver carcinogenesis remains to be explored.

Management of Sepsis in Patients With Cirrhosis: Current Evidence and Practical Approach

Douglas A. Simonetto, Laura Piccolo Serafim, Alice Gallo de Moraes, Ognjen Gajic, Patrick S. Kamath – 5 December 2018 – Sepsis in patients with cirrhosis is associated with high mortality. An impaired immune response accounts for the increased infection risk observed in these patients. Hemodynamic and systemic changes suggestive of sepsis may be observed in patients with cirrhosis in the absence of infection; therefore, diagnosis and treatment of sepsis may be delayed.

ID3 Promotes Stem Cell Features and Predicts Chemotherapeutic Response of Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma

Lifeng Huang, Jie Cai, Han Guo, Jinyang Gu, Ying Tong, Bijun Qiu, Chenchen Wang, Meng Li, Lei Xia, Jianjun Zhang, Hailong Wu, Xiaoni Kong, Qiang Xia – 5 December 2018 – Cancer stem cells contribute to a high rate of recurrence and chemotherapeutic resistance in many types of cancer, including intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). Inhibitor of differentiation 3 (ID3) has been reported to promote cancer stem cells, but its role in ICC is obscure.

Gallstone Disease and Type 2 Diabetes Risk: A Mendelian Randomization Study

Fei Wang, Jing Wang, Yaru Li, Jing Yuan, Ping Yao, Sheng Wei, Huan Guo, Xiaomin Zhang, Handong Yang, Tangchun Wu, Meian He – 4 December 2018 – The presence of gallstone disease (GSD) was reported to be positively associated with diabetes risk. Whether the association is causal remains unclear. We aim to examine the potential causal association between GSD and type 2 diabetes risk using a Mendelian randomization analysis. Observational study was conducted among 16,299 participants who were free of cancer, heart disease, stroke, and diabetes at baseline in the Dongfeng‐Tongji cohort study.

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