Porphyromonas gingivalis as a Possible Risk Factor in the Development/Severity of Acute Alcoholic Hepatitis

Yun Zhou, Vatsalya Vatsalya, Leila Gobejishvili, Richard J. Lamont, Craig J. McClain, Wenke Feng – 14 December 2018 – Bacterial infection is frequently observed in patients with alcoholic liver disease (ALD). We examined a possible role of Porphyromonas gingivalis in the development/progression and severity of disease in patients with acute alcoholic hepatitis (AAH). Plasma specimens from 47 patients with AAH (16 moderate, Model for End‐Stage Liver Disease [MELD] score <20]; 31 severe, MELD score >20) and 22 healthy controls (HCs) were collected.

Improvements in Histologic Features and Diagnosis Associated With Improvement in Fibrosis in Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis: Results From the Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Clinical Research Network Treatment Trials

Elizabeth M. Brunt, David E. Kleiner, Laura A. Wilson, Arun J. Sanyal, Brent A. Neuschwander‐Tetri, for the Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Clinical Research Network – 14 December 2018 – Hepatocellular injury and inflammation are believed to be the primary drivers of fibrogenesis that ultimately lead to cirrhosis in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH).

Combatting Fibrosis: Exosome‐Based Therapies in the Regression of Liver Fibrosis

Li Chen, David A. Brenner, Tatiana Kisseleva – 13 December 2018 – Hepatic fibrosis results from chronic injury and inflammation in the liver and leads to cirrhosis, liver failure, and portal hypertension. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying hepatic fibrosis has advanced the prospect of developing therapies for regression of the disease.

Alpha‐Fetoprotein Decrease from > 1,000 to < 500 ng/mL in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Leads to Improved Posttransplant Outcomes

Neil Mehta, Jennifer L. Dodge, John P. Roberts, Ryutaro Hirose, Francis Y. Yao – 13 December 2018 – High alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP) > 1,000 ng/mL is associated with poor outcomes after liver transplantation (LT) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). A new national policy has been implemented for AFP > 1,000 ng/mL requiring a decrease to < 500 ng/mL before LT, but there is a paucity of data on the optimal AFP threshold before LT.

Combatting Fibrosis: Exosome‐Based Therapies in the Regression of Liver Fibrosis

Li Chen, David A. Brenner, Tatiana Kisseleva – 13 December 2018 – Hepatic fibrosis results from chronic injury and inflammation in the liver and leads to cirrhosis, liver failure, and portal hypertension. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying hepatic fibrosis has advanced the prospect of developing therapies for regression of the disease.

Hedgehog Signaling Modulates Interleukin‐33‐Dependent Extrahepatic Bile Duct Cell Proliferation in Mice

Nataliya Razumilava, Junya Shiota, Nureen H. Mohamad Zaki, Ramon Ocadiz‐Ruiz, Christine M. Cieslak, Kais Zakharia, Benjamin L. Allen, Gregory J. Gores, Linda C. Samuelson, Juanita L. Merchant – 11 December 2018 – Hedgehog (HH) signaling participates in hepatobiliary repair after injury and is activated in patients with cholangiopathies. Cholangiopathies are associated with bile duct (BD) hyperplasia, including expansion of peribiliary glands, the niche for biliary progenitor cells.

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