Recurrent and De Novo Autoimmune Hepatitis

Guido Stirnimann, Maryam Ebadi, Albert J. Czaja, Aldo J. Montano‐Loza – 30 October 2018 – Clinical indications for liver transplantation (LT) in patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) are identical to those of patients with other chronic liver diseases that end in acute or semiacute liver failure, decompensated cirrhosis, or hepatocellular carcinoma. Recurrent disease after LT has been reported in 10%‐50% of patients with AIH, and the frequency of detection is influenced in part by the use of protocol or clinically indicated liver biopsy.

Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants Balance in Fatty Liver Disease

Carmen García‐Ruiz, José C. Fernández‐Checa – 30 October 2018 – Fatty liver disease is one of the most prevalent forms of chronic liver disease that encompasses both alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are intermediate stages of ALD and NAFLD, which can progress to more advanced forms, including cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.

Torque Teno Virus Is Associated With the State of Immune Suppression Early After Liver Transplantation

Pablo Ruiz, Marta Martínez‐Picola, Miguel Santana, Javier Muñoz, Sofía Pérez‐del‐Pulgar, Giorgos Koutsoudakis, Lydia Sastre, Jordi Colmenero, Gonzalo Crespo, Miquel Navasa – 30 October 2018 – The development of noninvasive biomarkers that reflect the state of immunosuppression (IS) remains an unmet need in liver transplantation (LT). Torque Teno virus (TTV) is a highly prevalent, nonpathogenic DNA virus whose plasma levels may be associated with the immune status of the host. The aim of this study was to assess the role of TTV as a biomarker of IS in LT recipients.

Mouse Models of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis: Toward Optimization of Their Relevance to Human Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis

Geoff Farrell, Jörn M. Schattenberg, Isabelle Leclercq, Matthew M. Yeh, Robert Goldin, Narci Teoh, Detlef Schuppan – 29 October 2018 – Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) arises from a variable interplay between environmental factors and genetic determinants that cannot be completely replicated in animals. Notwithstanding, preclinical models are needed to understand NASH pathophysiology and test mechanism‐based therapies.

Obeticholic Acid Modulates Serum Metabolites and Gene Signatures Characteristic of Human NASH and Attenuates Inflammation and Fibrosis Progression in Ldlr‐/‐.Leiden Mice

Martine C. Morrison, Lars Verschuren, Kanita Salic, Joanne Verheij, Aswin Menke, Peter Y. Wielinga, Marta Iruarrizaga‐Lejarreta, Laurent Gole, Wei‐Miao Yu, Scott Turner, Martien P.M. Caspers, Ibon Martínez‐Arranz, Elsbet Pieterman, Reinout Stoop, Arianne van Koppen, Anita M. van den Hoek, José M.

Inhibition of Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells 1 Ameliorates Inflammation and Macrophage and Neutrophil Activation in Alcoholic Liver Disease in Mice

David Tornai, Istvan Furi, Zu T. Shen, Alexander B. Sigalov, Sahin Coban, Gyongyi Szabo – 29 October 2018 – Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is characterized by macrophage and neutrophil leukocyte recruitment and activation in the liver. Damage‐ and pathogen‐associated molecular patterns contribute to a self‐perpetuating proinflammatory state in ALD. Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (TREM‐1) is a surface receptor that amplifies inflammation induced by toll‐like receptors (TLRs) and is expressed on neutrophils and monocytes/macrophages.

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