Theodore H. Welling, Kevin Eddinger, Kristen Carrier, Danting Zhu, Tyler Kleaveland, Derek E. Moore, Douglas E. Schaubel, Peter L. Abt – 5 May 2018 – Orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) and resection are effective treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, optimizing OLT and limiting HCC recurrence remains a vexing problem. New HCC Model for End‐Stage Liver Disease and allocation algorithms provide greater observation of HCC patients, many while receiving local‐regional treatments.

Huixia Zhang, Chao Zhang, Hong Tang, Shanshan Gao, Fang Sun, Yuan Yang, Weiping Zhou, Yu Hu, Changshu Ke, Yu Wu, Zeyang Ding, Lin Guo, Rongjuan Pei, Xinwen Chen, Man‐Sun Sy, Bixiang Zhang, Chaoyang Li – 5 May 2018 – Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection can result in steatosis, a condition displaying aberrant accumulation of neutral lipid vesicles, the component of lipid droplets (LDs), which are essential for HCV assembly. However, the interplay between HCV infection and steatosis remains unclear.

Sarah A. Taylor, Richard M. Green – 5 May 2018

Kim H. H. Liss, Kyle S. McCommis, Kari T. Chambers, Terri A. Pietka, George G. Schweitzer, Sara L. Park, Ilke Nalbantoglu, Carla J. Weinheimer, Angela M. Hall, Brian N. Finck – 5 May 2018 – The prevalence of obesity‐associated nonalcoholic fatty liver disease has significantly increased over the past decade, and end‐stage liver disease secondary to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis has become 1 of the most common indications for liver transplantation. This both increases the demand for organs and decreases the availability of donor livers deemed suitable for transplantation.

Steven J. Lobritto – 5 May 2018

Grace L. Su, Lisa Glass, Elliot B. Tapper, Tony Van, Akbar K. Waljee, Anne E. Sales – 5 May 2018 – Access to specialty care has been associated with improved survival in patients with liver disease but universal access is not always feasible. Methods of care delivery using virtual modalities including the SCAN‐ECHO (Specialty Access Network‐Extension of Community Healthcare Outcome) program were implemented by the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) to address this need but limited data are available on patient outcomes.

Raymond Wu, Ramachandran Murali, Yasuaki Kabe, Samuel W. French, Yi‐Ming Chiang, Siyu Liu, Linda Sher, Clay C. Wang, Stan Louie, Hidekazu Tsukamoto – 5 May 2018 – Drug resistance is a major problem in the treatment of liver cancer. Mammalian Target of Rapamycin 1 (mTORC1) inhibitors have been tested for the treatment of liver cancer based on hyperactive mTOR in this malignancy. However, their clinical trials showed poor outcome, most likely due to their ability to upregulate CD133 and promote chemoresistance.

Sarah Raevens, Michael B. Fallon – 5 May 2018 – Hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) is a relatively common and potentially severe pulmonary complication of cirrhosis with increased risk of mortality. In experimental models, a complex interaction between pulmonary endothelial cells, monocytes, and the respiratory epithelium, which produces chemokines, cytokines, and angiogenic growth factors, causes alterations in the alveolar microvasculature, resulting in impaired oxygenation.

Katrin Manske, Nina Kallin, Verena König, Annika Schneider, Sandra Kurz, Miriam Bosch, Meike Welz, Ru‐Lin Cheng, Bertram Bengsch, Katja Steiger, Ulrike Protzer, Robert Thimme, Percy A. Knolle, Dirk Wohlleber – 5 May 2018 – The liver bears unique immune properties that support both immune tolerance and immunity, but the mechanisms responsible for clearance versus persistence of virus‐infected hepatocytes remain unclear. Here, we dissect the factors determining the outcome of antiviral immunity using recombinant adenoviruses that reflect the hepatropism and hepatrophism of hepatitis viruses.

Catherine Properzi, Therese A. O'Sullivan, Jill L. Sherriff, Helena L. Ching, Garry P. Jeffrey, Rachel F. Buckley, Jonathan Tibballs, Gerry C. MacQuillan, George Garas, Leon A. Adams – 5 May 2018 – Although diet‐induced weight loss is first‐line treatment for patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), long‐term maintenance is difficult. The optimal diet for improvement in either NAFLD or associated cardiometabolic risk factors, regardless of weight loss, is unknown.