High‐Quality Diets Are Associated With Reduced Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Chronic Liver Disease: The Multiethnic Cohort

David Bogumil, Song‐Yi Park, Loïc Le Marchand, Christopher A. Haiman, Lynne R. Wilkens, Carol J. Boushey, Veronica Wendy Setiawan – 31 January 2019 – Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and chronic liver disease (CLD) are major sources of morbidity and mortality globally. Both HCC incidence and CLD mortality are known to vary by race. There is limited research on the association between dietary measures and these outcomes in a diverse population.

Prognostic Role of Ammonia in Patients With Cirrhosis

Shalimar, Mohammed Faisal Sheikh, Rajeshwar P. Mookerjee, Banwari Agarwal, Subrat Kumar Acharya, Rajiv Jalan – 31 January 2019 – Ammonia is thought to be central to the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy (HE), but its prognostic role in patients with cirrhosis and acute decompensation is unknown. The aims of this study were to determine the relationship between ammonia levels and severity of HE and its association with organ dysfunction and short‐term mortality. We identified 498 patients from two institutions as part of prospective observational studies in patients with cirrhosis.

Evidence for a Novel Regulatory Interaction Involving Cyclin D1, Lipid Droplets, Lipolysis, and Cell Cycle Progression in Hepatocytes

Heng Wu, Jonathan M. Ploeger, Sushama Kamarajugadda, Douglas G. Mashek, Mara T. Mashek, Juan C. Manivel, Laurie L. Shekels, Jessica L. Lapiro, Jeffrey H. Albrecht – 30 January 2019 – During normal proliferation, hepatocytes accumulate triglycerides (TGs) in lipid droplets (LDs), but the underlying mechanisms and functional significance of this steatosis are unknown. In the current study, we examined the coordinated regulation of cell cycle progression and LD accumulation. As previously shown, hepatocytes develop increased LD content after mitogen stimulation.

Neurological Complications Occurring After Liver Transplantation: Role of Risk Factors, Hepatic Encephalopathy, and Acute (on Chronic) Brain Injury

Nicolas Weiss, Dominique Thabut – 29 January 2019 – Orthotopic liver transplantation (LT) remains the only way to definitively cure patients with the most severe liver diseases. Because the survival rate is now fairly high, important questions about neurological sequelae or quality of life after LT have emerged. Indeed, LT represents a peculiar situation because up to 30% of patients present with neurological symptoms after LT compared with only 4% after cardiac transplant and 0.5% after renal transplant.

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