Can negligible hepatic steatosis determined by magnetic resonance imaging–proton density fat fraction obviate the need for liver biopsy in potential liver donors?

Janakan Satkunasingham, Hooman Hosseini Nik, Sandra Fischer, Ravi Menezes, Nazia Selzner, Mark Cattral, David Grant, Kartik Jhaveri – 28 October 2017 – The purpose of this study is to determine whether magnetic resonance (MR)–proton density fat fraction (PDFF) estimate of negligible hepatic fat percentage (<5%) can exclude significant hepatic steatosis (≥10%) in living liver donor candidates obviating the need for liver biopsy and to perform intraindividual comparisons between MR‐PDFF techniques for hepatic steatosis quantification.

Next generation sequencing in pediatric hepatology and liver transplantation

Emanuele Nicastro, Lorenzo D'Antiga – 28 October 2017 – Next generation sequencing (NGS) has revolutionized the analysis of human genetic variations, offering a highly cost‐effective way to diagnose monogenic diseases (MDs). Because nearly half of the children with chronic liver disorders have a genetic cause and approximately 20% of pediatric liver transplantations are performed in children with MDs, NGS offers the opportunity to significantly improve the diagnostic yield in this field.

Safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of l‐ornithine phenylacetate in patients with acute liver injury/failure and hyperammonemia

R. Todd Stravitz, Michelle Gottfried, Valerie Durkalski, Robert J. Fontana, A. James Hanje, David Koch, Bilal Hameed, Daniel Ganger, Ram M. Subramanian, Stan Bukofzer, William R. Ravis, Kristen Clasen, Averell Sherker, Lanna Little, William M. Lee, for the Acute Liver Failure Study Group – 28 October 2017 – Cerebral edema remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with acute liver failure (ALF) and has been linked to elevated blood ammonia levels.

Pro (With Caution): Extended oncologic indications in liver transplantation

Vincenzo Mazzaferro, Carlo Battiston, Carlo Sposito – 27 October 2017 – The success of liver transplantation (LT) in curing cancer (particularly hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatic metastases from neuroendocrine tumors) is based on the augmented oncologic potentials of the total hepatectomy and on restrictive criteria applied to patient selection. Consensus on the grade of expansion of conventional limits and implementation of alternative indications to LT (cholangiocarcinoma and metastases from colorectal cancer) has not been reached.

Hepatocyte DUSP14 maintains metabolic homeostasis and suppresses inflammation in the liver

Siyuan Wang, Zhen‐Zhen Yan, Xia Yang, Shimin An, Kuo Zhang, Yu Qi, Jilin Zheng, Yan‐Xiao Ji, Pi‐Xiao Wang, Chun Fang, Xue‐Yong Zhu, Li‐Jun Shen, Feng‐Juan Yan, Rong Bao, Song Tian, Zhi‐Gang She, Yi‐Da Tang – 27 October 2017 – Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a prevalent and complex disease that confers a high risk of severe liver disorders. Despite such public and clinical health importance, very few effective therapies are currently available for NAFLD.

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