Chronic inflammation‐elicited liver progenitor cell conversion to liver cancer stem cell with clinical significance

Xiao‐Feng Li, Cheng Chen, Dai‐Min Xiang, Le Qu, Wen Sun, Xin‐Yuan Lu, Teng‐Fei Zhou, Shu‐Zhen Chen, Bei‐Fang Ning, Zhuo Cheng, Ming‐Yang Xia, Wei‐Feng Shen, Wen Yang, Wen Wen, Terence Kin Wah Lee, Wen‐Ming Cong, Hong‐Yang Wang, Jin Ding – 17 July 2017 – The substantial heterogeneity and hierarchical organization in liver cancer support the theory of liver cancer stem cells (LCSCs). However, the relationship between chronic hepatic inflammation and LCSC generation remains obscure.

Survival of patients with cirrhosis and acute peptic ulcer bleeding compared with variceal bleeding using current first‐line therapies

Alba Ardevol, Gemma Ibañez‐Sanz, Joaquim Profitos, Carles Aracil, Josep M. Castellvi, Edilmar Alvarado, Alba Cachero, Diana Horta, Josep Miñana, Bárbara Gomez‐Pastrana, Oana Pavel, Eva Dueñas, Meritxell Casas, Montserrat Planella, Jose Castellote, Candid Villanueva – 17 July 2017 – The presence of cirrhosis increases the mortality of patients with peptic ulcer bleeding (PUB). Both acute variceal bleeding (AVB) and PUB are associated with substantial mortality in cirrhosis.

YAP suppresses gluconeogenic gene expression through PGC1α

Yue Hu, Dong‐Ju Shin, Hui Pan, Zhiqiang Lin, Jonathan M. Dreyfuss, Fernando D. Camargo, Ji Miao, Sudha B. Biddinger – 17 July 2017 – Cell growth and proliferation are tightly coupled to metabolism, and dissecting the signaling molecules which link these processes is an important step toward understanding development, regeneration, and cancer. The transcriptional regulator Yes‐associated protein 1 (YAP) is a key regulator of liver size, development, and function. We now show that YAP can also suppress gluconeogenic gene expression.

A canine liver fibrosis model to develop a therapy for liver cirrhosis using cultured bone marrow–derived cells

Takashi Matsuda, Taro Takami, Ryo Sasaki, Tatsuro Nishimura, Yuki Aibe, Bruno Diaz Paredes, Luiz Fernando Quintanilha, Toshihiko Matsumoto, Tsuyoshi Ishikawa, Naoki Yamamoto, Kenji Tani, Shuji Terai, Yasuho Taura, Isao Sakaida – 17 July 2017 – We have been developing a therapy for liver cirrhosis using cultured autologous bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Before human clinical trials can be considered, the safety and efficacy of BMSC infusion in medium to large animals must be confirmed; thus, we developed a canine liver fibrosis model.

Association between cytokines and liver histology in children with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Emily R. Perito, Veeral Ajmera, Nathan M. Bass, Philip Rosenthal, Joel E. Lavine, Jeffrey B. Schwimmer, Katherine P. Yates, Anna Mae Diehl, Jean P. Molleston, Karen F. Murray, Ann Scheimann, Ryan Gill, David Glidden, Bradley Aouizerat, Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Clinical Research Network – 17 July 2017 – Reliable noninvasive markers to characterize inflammation, hepatocellular ballooning, and fibrosis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are lacking.

Efficacy and safety of new direct antiviral agents in hepatitis C virus–infected patients with diffuse large B‐cell non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma

Marcello Persico, Andrea Aglitti, Rosa Caruso, Amalia De Renzo, Carmine Selleri, Catello Califano, Ludovico Abenavoli, Alessandro Federico, Mario Masarone – 17 July 2017 – The association of hepatitis C virus (HCV) with non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) has been demonstrated throughout the world. The new interferon‐free direct antiviral agents (DAAs) showed high efficacy and safety, and preliminary data seem to confirm their activity on low‐grade NHL. The question arises as whether or not—and how—to treat the HCV‐positive patients suffering from diffuse large B‐cell lymphomas (DLBCLs).

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