Noninvasive tools and risk of clinically significant portal hypertension and varices in compensated cirrhosis: The “Anticipate” study

Juan G. Abraldes, Christophe Bureau, Horia Stefanescu, Salvador Augustin, Michael Ney, Hélène Blasco, Bogdan Procopet, Jaime Bosch, Joan Genesca, Annalisa Berzigotti, for the Anticipate Investigators – 17 September 2016 – In patients with compensated advanced chronic liver disease (cACLD), the presence of clinically significant portal hypertension (CSPH) and varices needing treatment (VNT) bears prognostic and therapeutic implications. Our aim was to develop noninvasive tests‐based risk prediction models to provide a point‐of‐care risk assessment of cACLD patients.

Forkhead box A2 regulates biliary heterogeneity and senescence during cholestatic liver injury in mice‡

Kelly McDaniel, Fanyin Meng, Nan Wu, Keisaku Sato, Julie Venter, Francesca Bernuzzi, Pietro Invernizzi, Tianhao Zhou, Konstantina Kyritsi, Ying Wan, Qiaobing Huang, Paolo Onori, Heather Francis, Eugenio Gaudio, Shannon Glaser, Gianfranco Alpini – 17 September 2016 – Biliary‐committed progenitor cells (small mouse cholangiocytes; SMCCs) from small bile ducts are more resistant to hepatobiliary injury than large mouse cholangiocytes (LGCCs) from large bile ducts.

Sofosbuvir and ribavirin for 6 weeks is not effective among people with recent hepatitis C virus infection: The DARE‐C II study

Marianne Martinello, Edward Gane, Margaret Hellard, Joe Sasadeusz, David Shaw, Kathy Petoumenos, Tanya Applegate, Jason Grebely, Laurence Maire, Philippa Marks, Gregory J. Dore, Gail V. Matthews – 17 September 2016 – While interferon‐based therapy has excellent efficacy in acute and recent hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, the side effect profile limits implementation. Sofosbuvir and ribavirin for 12‐24 weeks is safe and well tolerated in chronic HCV, with efficacy dependent on genotype and disease stage.

Improved noninvasive prediction of liver fibrosis by liver stiffness measurement in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease accounting for controlled attenuation parameter values

Salvatore Petta, Vincent Wai‐Sun Wong, Calogero Cammà, Jean‐Baptiste Hiriart, Grace Lai‐Hung Wong, Fabio Marra, Julien Vergniol, Anthony Wing‐Hung Chan, Vito Di Marco, Wassil Merrouche, Henry Lik‐Yuen Chan, Marco Barbara, Brigitte Le‐Bail, Umberto Arena, Antonio Craxì, Victor de Ledinghen – 17 September 2016 – Liver stiffness measurement (LSM) frequently overestimates the severity of liver fibrosis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

Sirtuin 1 activation alleviates cholestatic liver injury in a cholic acid–fed mouse model of cholestasis

Supriya R. Kulkarni, Carol J. Soroka, Lee R. Hagey, James L. Boyer – 17 September 2016 – Sirtuin1 (Sirt1; mammalian homolog of Saccharomyces cerevisiae enzyme Sir2) is a transcriptional and transactivational regulator of murine farnesoid X receptor (Fxr), which is the primary bile acid (BA) sensor, and critical regulator of BA metabolism in physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Previous studies have suggested compromised Sirt1 expression in rodent models of cholestatic liver injury. We hypothesized that Sirt1 could be potentially targeted to alleviate cholestatic liver injury.

Changes in blood microbiota profiles associated with liver fibrosis in obese patients: A pilot analysis

Benjamin Lelouvier, Florence Servant, Sandrine Païssé, Anne‐Claire Brunet, Salah Benyahya, Matteo Serino, Carine Valle, Maria Rosa Ortiz, Josep Puig, Michael Courtney, Massimo Federici, José‐Manuel Fernández‐Real, Rémy Burcelin, Jacques Amar – 17 September 2016 – The early detection of liver fibrosis among patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an important clinical need.

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