Effects of kinsenoside, a potential immunosuppressive drug for autoimmune hepatitis, on dendritic cells/CD8+T cells communication in mice

Ming Xiang, Tingting Liu, Wanyue Tan, Hongyu Ren, Hua Li, Junjun Liu, Hui Cao, Qi Cheng, Xiulan Liu, Hucheng Zhu, Yali Tuo, Jianping Wang, Yonghui Zhang – 17 September 2016 – The central purpose of this study was to investigate therapeutic effects of the botanical derivative, kinsenoside (KD), in experimental autoimmune hepatitis (AIH).

Octamer 4/microRNA‐1246 signaling axis drives Wnt/β‐catenin activation in liver cancer stem cells

Stella Chai, Kai‐Yu Ng, Man Tong, Eunice Y. Lau, Terence K. Lee, Kwok Wah Chan, Yun‐Fei Yuan, Tan‐To Cheung, Siu‐Tim Cheung, Xiao‐Qi Wang, Nathalie Wong, Chung‐Mau Lo, Kwan Man, Xin‐Yuan Guan, Stephanie Ma – 17 September 2016 – Wnt/β‐catenin signaling is activated in CD133 liver cancer stem cells (CSCs), a subset of cells known to be a root of tumor recurrence and therapy resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the regulatory mechanism of this pathway in CSCs remains unclear.

Extracellular vesicles released by hepatocytes from gastric infusion model of alcoholic liver disease contain a MicroRNA barcode that can be detected in blood

Akiko Eguchi, Raul G. Lazaro, Jiaohong Wang, Jihoon Kim, Davide Povero, Brandon Willliams, Samuel B. Ho, Peter Stärkel, Bernd Schnabl, Lucila Ohno‐Machado, Hidekazu Tsukamoto, Ariel E. Feldstein – 17 September 2016 – Extracellular vesicles (EVs) released during cell stress, or demise, can contain a barcode of the cell origin, including specific microRNAs (miRNAs). Here, we tested the hypothesis that during early alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH) development, hepatocytes (HCs) release EVs with an miRNA signature that can be measured in circulation.

Exenatide improves both hepatic and adipose tissue insulin resistance: A dynamic positron emission tomography study

Amalia Gastaldelli, Melania Gaggini, Giuseppe Daniele, Demetrio Ciociaro, Eugenio Cersosimo, Devjit Tripathy, Curtis Triplitt, Peter Fox, Nicolas Musi, Ralph DeFronzo, Patricia Iozzo – 17 September 2016 – Glucagon‐like peptide 1 (GLP‐1) receptor agonists (GLP‐1‐RAs) act on multiple tissues, in addition to the pancreas. Recent studies suggest that GLP‐1‐RAs act on liver and adipose tissue to reduce insulin resistance (IR). Thus, we evaluated the acute effects of exenatide (EX) on hepatic (Hep‐IR) and adipose (Adipo‐IR) insulin resistance and glucose uptake.

Rubicon inhibits autophagy and accelerates hepatocyte apoptosis and lipid accumulation in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in mice

Satoshi Tanaka, Hayato Hikita, Tomohide Tatsumi, Ryotaro Sakamori, Yasutoshi Nozaki, Sadatsugu Sakane, Yuto Shiode, Tasuku Nakabori, Yoshinobu Saito, Naoki Hiramatsu, Keisuke Tabata, Tsuyoshi Kawabata, Maho Hamasaki, Hidetoshi Eguchi, Hiroaki Nagano, Tamotsu Yoshimori, Tetsuo Takehara – 16 September 2016 – Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prevalent liver disease worldwide. It encompasses a spectrum ranging from simple steatosis to fatty liver with hepatocellular injury, termed nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.

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