Vaccines targeting preS1 domain overcome immune tolerance in hepatitis B virus carrier mice

Yingjie Bian, Zheng Zhang, Zhichen Sun, Juanjuan Zhao, Danming Zhu, Yang Wang, Sherry Fu, Jingya Guo, Longchao Liu, Lishan Su, Fu‐Sheng Wang, Yang‐Xin Fu, Hua Peng – 26 April 2017 – Strong tolerance to hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigens limits the therapeutic effect of the conventional hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) vaccination in both preclinical animal models and patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection. In contrast, we observed that clinical CHB patients presented less immune tolerance to the preS1 domain of HBV large surface antigen.

Protein disulfide isomerase inhibition synergistically enhances the efficacy of sorafenib for hepatocellular carcinoma

Jae‐Kyung Won, Su Jong Yu, Chae Young Hwang, Sung‐Hwan Cho, Sang‐Min Park, Kwangsoo Kim, Won‐Mook Choi, Hyeki Cho, Eun Ju Cho, Jeong‐Hoon Lee, Kyung Bun Lee, Yoon Jun Kim, Kyung‐Suk Suh, Ja‐June Jang, Chung Yong Kim, Jung‐Hwan Yoon, Kwang‐Hyun Cho – 25 April 2017 – Sorafenib is the only approved targeted drug for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but its effect on patients' survival gain is limited and varies over a wide range depending on pathogenetic conditions.

SIRT1/HSF1/HSP pathway is essential for exenatide‐alleviated, lipid‐induced hepatic endoplasmic reticulum stress

Xiaobin Zheng, Fen Xu, Hua Liang, Huanyi Cao, Mengyin Cai, Wen Xu, Jianping Weng – 25 April 2017 – Recent studies have indicated that lipid‐induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is a major contributor to the progression of hepatic steatosis. Exenatide (exendin‐4), a glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist, is known to improve hepatic steatosis, with accumulating evidence. In this study, we investigated whether exenatide could alleviate lipid‐induced hepatic ER stress through mammal sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and illustrated the detailed mechanisms.

A novel role of astrocyte elevated gene‐1 (AEG‐1) in regulating nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)

Jyoti Srivastava, Chadia L. Robertson, Kareem Ebeid, Mikhail Dozmorov, Devaraja Rajasekaran, Rachel Mendoza, Ayesha Siddiq, Maaged A. Akiel, Nidhi Jariwala, Xue‐Ning Shen, Jolene J. Windle, Mark A. Subler, Nitai D. Mukhopadhyay, Shah Giashuddin, Shobha Ghosh, Zhao Lai, Yidong Chen, Paul B. Fisher, Aliasger K. Salem, Arun J. Sanyal, Devanand Sarkar – 24 April 2017 – Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is the most prevalent cause of chronic liver disease in the Western world.

PTEN Down‐Regulation Promotes β‐Oxidation to Fuel Hypertrophic Liver Growth After Hepatectomy in Mice

Ekaterina Kachaylo, Christoph Tschuor, Nicolas Calo, Nathalie Borgeaud, Udo Ungethüm, Perparim Limani, Anne‐Christine Piguet, Jean‐Francois Dufour, Michelangelo Foti, Rolf Graf, Pierre A. Clavien, Bostjan Humar – 24 April 2017 – In regenerating liver, hepatocytes accumulate lipids before the major wave of parenchymal growth. This transient, regeneration‐associated steatosis (TRAS) is required for liver recovery, but its purpose is unclear.

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