Low‐level viremia and the increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients receiving entecavir treatment

Jung Hee Kim, Dong Hyun Sinn, Wonseok Kang, Geum‐Youn Gwak, Yong‐Han Paik, Moon Seok Choi, Joon Hyeok Lee, Kwang Cheol Koh, Seung Woon Paik – 5 November 2016 – The long‐term clinical impact of low‐level viremia (LLV; <2,000 IU/mL) is not well understood. As a result, it is unclear whether the development of LLV during entecavir monotherapy requires a change in therapy.

Shp2 promotes liver cancer stem cell expansion by augmenting β‐catenin signaling and predicts chemotherapeutic response of patients

Daimin Xiang, Zhuo Cheng, Hui Liu, Xue Wang, Tao Han, Wen Sun, Xiaofeng Li, Wen Yang, Cheng Chen, Mingyang Xia, Na Liu, Shengyong Yin, Guangzhi Jin, Terence Lee, Liwei Dong, Heping Hu, Hongyang Wang, Jin Ding – 5 November 2016 – Src‐homology 2 domain–containing phosphatase 2 (Shp2) has been reported to play an important role in the maintenance and self‐renewal of embryonic and adult stem cells, but its role in cancer stem cells (CSCs) remains obscure. Herein, we observed high expression of Shp2 in both chemoresistant hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) and recurrent HCCs from patients.

Reduction in liver transplant wait‐listing in the era of direct‐acting antiviral therapy

Jennifer A. Flemming, W. Ray Kim, Carol L. Brosgart, Norah A. Terrault – 5 November 2016 – Direct‐acting antiviral (DAA) therapy, recently approved for patients with decompensated cirrhosis (DC) secondary to hepatitis C virus (HCV), is associated with improved hepatic function. We analyzed trends in liver transplant (LT) wait‐listing (WL) to explore potential impact of effective medical therapy on WL registration. This is a cohort study using the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients database from 2003 to 2015.

Yes‐associated protein/TEA domain family member and hepatocyte nuclear factor 4‐alpha (HNF4α) repress reciprocally to regulate hepatocarcinogenesis in rats and mice

Wang‐Yu Cai, Ling‐Yun Lin, Han Hao, Sai‐Man Zhang, Fei Ma, Xin‐Xin Hong, Hui Zhang, Qing‐Feng Liu, Guo‐Dong Ye, Guang‐Bin Sun, Yun‐Jia Liu, Sheng‐Nan Li, Yuan‐Yuan Xie, Jian‐Chun Cai, Bo‐An Li – 3 November 2016 – Great progress has been achieved in the study of Hippo signaling in regulating tumorigenesis; however, the downstream molecular events that mediate this process have not been completely defined. Moreover, regulation of Hippo signaling during tumorigenesis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains largely unknown.

Ligation and cut as a method for bile duct division in living donor right hepatectomy

Seong Hoon Kim, Eung Chang Lee, Seung Duk Lee, Sang Jae Park – 3 November 2016 – The importance of bile duct division cannot be overemphasized in living donor surgery. Ligation and cut (LC) as a method for bile duct division in living donor right hepatectomy (LDRH) has never been reported. The purpose of this study was to introduce the LC method of bile duct division in LDRH.

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide biosynthesis promotes liver regeneration

Sarmistha Mukherjee, Karthikeyani Chellappa, Andrea Moffitt, Joan Ndungu, Ryan W. Dellinger, James G. Davis, Beamon Agarwal, Joseph A. Baur – 3 November 2016 – The regenerative capacity of the liver is essential for recovery from surgical resection or injuries induced by trauma or toxins. During liver regeneration, the concentration of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) falls, at least in part due to metabolic competition for precursors.

The 24‐hour normothermic machine perfusion of discarded human liver grafts

Thomas Vogel, Jens G. Brockmann, Alberto Quaglia, Alireza Morovat, Wayel Jassem, Nigel D. Heaton, Constantin C. Coussios, Peter J. Friend – 3 November 2016 – Donor organ shortage necessitates use of less than optimal donor allografts for transplantation. The current cold storage preservation technique fails to preserve marginal donor grafts sufficiently. Evidence from large animal experiments suggests superiority of normothermic machine preservation (NMP) of liver allografts. In this study, we analyze discarded human liver grafts that underwent NMP for the extended period of 24 hours.

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