Genetic variants in five novel loci including CFB and CD40 predispose to chronic hepatitis B

De‐Ke Jiang, Xiao‐Pin Ma, Hongjie Yu, Guangwen Cao, Dong‐Lin Ding, Haitao Chen, Hui‐Xing Huang, Yu‐Zhen Gao, Xiao‐Pan Wu, Xi‐Dai Long, Hongxing Zhang, Youjie Zhang, Yong Gao, Tao‐Yang Chen, Wei‐Hua Ren, Pengyin Zhang, Zhuqing Shi, Wei Jiang, Bo Wan, Hexige Saiyin, Jianhua Yin, Yuan‐Feng Zhou, Yun Zhai, Pei‐Xin Lu, Hongwei Zhang, Xiaoli Gu, Aihua Tan, Jin‐Bing Wang, Xian‐Bo Zuo, Liang‐Dan Sun, Jun O. Liu, Qing Yi, Zengnan Mo, Gangqiao Zhou, Ying Liu, Jielin Sun, Yin Yao Shugart, S.

Acute‐on‐chronic liver failure precipitated by hepatic injury is distinct from that precipitated by extrahepatic insults

Yu Shi, Ying Yang, Yaoren Hu, Wei Wu, Qiao Yang, Min Zheng, Shun Zhang, Zhaojun Xu, Yihua Wu, Huadong Yan, Zhi Chen – 20 March 2015 – Patients with acute‐on‐chronic liver failure (ACLF) represent a heterogeneous population. The aim of the study is to identify distinct groups according to the etiologies of precipitating events. A total of 405 ACLF patients were identified from 1,361 patients with cirrhosis with acute decompensation and categorized according to the types of acute insults.

Acute‐on‐chronic liver failure precipitated by hepatic injury is distinct from that precipitated by extrahepatic insults

Yu Shi, Ying Yang, Yaoren Hu, Wei Wu, Qiao Yang, Min Zheng, Shun Zhang, Zhaojun Xu, Yihua Wu, Huadong Yan, Zhi Chen – 20 March 2015 – Patients with acute‐on‐chronic liver failure (ACLF) represent a heterogeneous population. The aim of the study is to identify distinct groups according to the etiologies of precipitating events. A total of 405 ACLF patients were identified from 1,361 patients with cirrhosis with acute decompensation and categorized according to the types of acute insults.

Renal safety of intravenous gadolinium‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in patients awaiting liver transplantation

Katherine M. Shaffer, Mehul R. Parikh, Thomas M. Runge, Sebastian D. Perez, Sonali S. Sakaria, Ram M. Subramanian – 18 March 2015 – Renal dysfunction in cirrhosis carries a high morbidity and mortality. Given the potential risk of contrast‐induced nephropathy associated with iodinated intravenous contrast used in computed tomography (CT), alternate contrast modalities for abdominal imaging in liver transplant candidates need to be examined.

Nrf2, but not β‐catenin, mutation represents an early event in rat hepatocarcinogenesis

Patrizia Zavattari, Andrea Perra, Silvia Menegon, Marta Anna Kowalik, Annalisa Petrelli, Maria Maddalena Angioni, Antonia Follenzi, Luca Quagliata, Giovanna Maria Ledda‐Columbano, Luigi Terracciano, Silvia Giordano, Amedeo Columbano – 17 March 2015 – Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) develops through a multistage process, but the nature of the molecular changes associated with the different steps, the very early ones in particular, is largely unknown.

Oral ampicillin inhibits liver regeneration by breaking hepatic innate immune tolerance normally maintained by gut commensal bacteria

Xunyao Wu, Rui Sun, Yongyan Chen, Xiaodong Zheng, Li Bai, Zhexiong Lian, Haiming Wei, Zhigang Tian – 17 March 2015 – Commensal bacteria have been proposed to play a role in liver repair after partial (67%) hepatectomy. However, the underlying immune mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we show that liver regeneration was impaired in antibiotic (Atb) water‐treated mice and this impairment strongly correlated with commensal bacterial load. Among the various Atbs used in our cocktail, ampicillin‐sensitive commensal bacterial was associated with normal liver regeneration.

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