Ezetimibe for the treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: Assessment by novel magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance elastography in a randomized trial (MOZART trial)

Rohit Loomba, Claude B. Sirlin, Brandon Ang, Ricki Bettencourt, Rashmi Jain, Joanie Salotti, Linda Soaft, Jonathan Hooker, Yuko Kono, Archana Bhatt, Laura Hernandez, Phirum Nguyen, Mazen Noureddin, William Haufe, Catherine Hooker, Meng Yin, Richard Ehman, Grace Y. Lin, Mark A. Valasek, David A. Brenner, Lisa Richards, San Diego Integrated NAFLD Research Consortium (SINC) – 6 December 2014 – Ezetimibe inhibits intestinal cholesterol absorption and lowers low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol.

Universal fungal prophylaxis and risk of coccidioidomycosis in liver transplant recipients living in an endemic area

Allon Kahn, Elizabeth J. Carey, Janis E. Blair – 6 December 2014 – Recipients of liver transplantation (LT) are at increased risk for symptomatic coccidioidomycosis, primarily because of chronic immunosuppression and impaired cellular immunity. Unfortunately, no consensus exists regarding optimal posttransplant prophylaxis. In a prior study at our institution, we observed both de novo and recurrent coccidioidomycosis despite targeted antifungal prophylaxis.

Minimum target prices for production of direct‐acting antivirals and associated diagnostics to combat hepatitis C virus

Nikolien van de Ven, Joe Fortunak, Bryony Simmons, Nathan Ford, Graham S. Cooke, Saye Khoo, Andrew Hill – 6 December 2014 – Combinations of direct‐acting antivirals (DAAs) can cure hepatitis C virus (HCV) in the majority of treatment‐naïve patients. Mass treatment programs to cure HCV in developing countries are only feasible if the costs of treatment and laboratory diagnostics are very low. This analysis aimed to estimate minimum costs of DAA treatment and associated diagnostic monitoring.

Noninvasive 3‐dimensional imaging of liver regeneration in a mouse model of hereditary tyrosinemia type 1 using the sodium iodide symporter gene

Raymond D. Hickey, Shennen A. Mao, Bruce Amiot, Lukkana Suksanpaisan, Amber Miller, Rebecca Nace, Jaime Glorioso, Michael K. O'Connor, Kah Whye Peng, Yasuhiro Ikeda, Stephen J. Russell, Scott L. Nyberg – 6 December 2014 – Cell transplantation is a potential treatment for the many liver disorders that are currently only curable by organ transplantation. However, one of the major limitations of hepatocyte (HC) transplantation is an inability to monitor cells longitudinally after injection.

CD47 blockade reduces ischemia/reperfusion injury and improves survival in a rat liver transplantation model

Zhen‐Yu Xiao, Babak Banan, Jianluo Jia, Pamela T. Manning, Ronald R. Hiebsch, Muthukumar Gunasekaran, Gundumi A. Upadhya, William A. Frazier, Thalachallour Mohanakumar, Yiing Lin, William C. Chapman – 6 December 2014 – Orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) remains the standard treatment option for nonresponsive liver failure. Because ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) is an important impediment to the success of OLT, new therapeutic strategies are needed to reduce IRI.

Liver X receptors balance lipid stores in hepatic stellate cells through Rab18, a retinoid responsive lipid droplet protein

Fiona O'Mahony, Kevin Wroblewski, Sheila M. O'Byrne, Hongfeng Jiang, Kara Clerkin, Jihane Benhammou, William S. Blaner, Simon W. Beaven – 6 December 2014 – Liver X receptors (LXRs) are determinants of hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation and liver fibrosis. Freshly isolated HSCs from Lxrαβ−/− mice have increased lipid droplet (LD) size, but the functional consequences of this are unknown. Our aim was to determine whether LXRs link cholesterol to retinoid storage in HSCs and how this impacts activation.

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