Dysregulated iron homeostasis is strongly associated with multiorgan failure and early mortality in acute‐on‐chronic liver failure

Jaswinder Singh Maras, Rakhi Maiwall, H.C. Harsha, Sukanta Das, Md.Shabir Hussain, Chandan Kumar, Chhagan Bihari, Archana Rastogi, Manoj Kumar, Nirupama Trehanpati, Shvetank Sharma, Akhilesh Pandey, Shiv Kumar Sarin – 5 December 2014 – Acute‐on‐chronic liver failure (ACLF) is an ailment with high incidence of multiorgan failure (MOF) and consequent mortality. Dysregulated iron homeostasis and macrophage dysfunction are linked to increased incidence of MOF.

Inhibition of type I natural killer T cells by retinoids or following sulfatide‐mediated activation of type II natural killer T cells attenuates alcoholic liver disease in mice

Igor Maricic, Huiming Sheng, Idania Marrero, Ekihiro Seki, Tatiana Kisseleva, Som Chaturvedi, Natasha Molle, Stephanie A. Mathews, Bin Gao, Vipin Kumar – 5 December 2014 – Innate immune mechanisms leading to liver injury subsequent to chronic alcohol ingestion are poorly understood. Natural killer T (NKT) cells, enriched in the liver and comprised of at least two distinct subsets, type I and II, recognize different lipid antigens presented by CD1d molecules.

Significant reduction in end‐stage liver diseases burden through the national viral hepatitis therapy program in Taiwan

Chun‐Ju Chiang, Ya‐Wen Yang, Jin‐De Chen, San‐Lin You, Hwai‐I Yang, Mei‐Hsuan Lee, Mei‐Shu Lai, Chien‐Jen Chen – 5 December 2014 – A national viral hepatitis therapy program was launched in Taiwan in October 2003. This study aimed to assess the impact of the program on reduction of end‐stage liver disease (ESLD) burden. Profiles of national registries of households, cancers, and death certificates were used to derive incidence and mortality of ESLDs from 2000 to 2011.

Resolution of liver fibrosis requires myeloid cell–driven sinusoidal angiogenesis

Chahrazade Kantari‐Mimoun, Magali Castells, Ralph Klose, Anna‐Katharina Meinecke, Ursula J. Lemberger, Pierre‐Emmanuel Rautou, Hélène Pinot‐Roussel, Cécile Badoual, Katrin Schrödter, Christoph H. Österreicher, Joachim Fandrey, Christian Stockmann – 5 December 2014 – Angiogenesis is a key feature of liver fibrosis. Although sinusoidal remodeling is believed to contribute to fibrogenesis, the impact of sinusoidal angiogenesis on the resolution of liver fibrosis remains undefined.

Autoimmune hepatitis in a murine autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1 model is directed against multiple autoantigens

Matthias Hardtke‐Wolenski, Richard Taubert, Fatih Noyan, Maren Sievers, Janine Dywicki, Jerome Schlue, Christine S. Falk, Brita Ardesjö Lundgren, Hamish S. Scott, Andreas Pich, Mark S. Anderson, Michael P. Manns, Elmar Jaeckel – 5 December 2014 – Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1 (APS‐1) is caused by mutations of the autoimmune regulator (AIRE) gene. Mouse studies have shown that this results in defective negative selection of T cells and defective early seeding of peripheral organs with regulatory T cells (Tregs).

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