Shi‐Ying Cai, Daniël A. Lionarons, Lee Hagey, Carol J. Soroka, Albert Mennone, James L. Boyer – 23 November 2012 – The sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) is a genetically programmed animal model for biliary atresia, as it loses its bile ducts and gallbladder during metamorphosis. However, in contrast to patients with biliary atresia or other forms of cholestasis who develop progressive disease, the postmetamorphosis lampreys grow normally to adult size.

Nisanne S. Ghonem, James L. Boyer – 23 November 2012

Naoki Kumashiro, Toru Yoshimura, Jennifer L. Cantley, Sachin K. Majumdar, Fitsum Guebre‐Egziabher, Romy Kursawe, Daniel F. Vatner, Ioana Fat, Mario Kahn, Derek M. Erion, Xian‐Man Zhang, Dongyan Zhang, Vara Prasad Manchem, Sanjay Bhanot, Glenn S. Gerhard, Kitt F. Petersen, Gary W. Cline, Varman T. Samuel, Gerald I. Shulman – 23 November 2012 – Genome‐wide array studies have associated the patatin‐like phospholipase domain‐containing 3 (PNPLA3) gene polymorphisms with hepatic steatosis.

Mark A. Barnes, Megan R. McMullen, Sanjoy Roychowdhury, Sorana G. Pisano, Xiuli Liu, Abram B. Stavitsky, Richard Bucala, Laura E. Nagy – 23 November 2012 – Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), a multipotent protein that exhibits both cytokine and chemotactic properties, is expressed by many cell types, including hepatocytes and nonparenchymal cells. We hypothesized that MIF is a key contributor to liver injury after ethanol exposure.

Emerson Y. Chen, Karl Baum, William Collins, Arthur Löve, Michael Merz, Sigurdur Olafsson, Einar S. Björnsson, William M. Lee – 23 November 2012 – The patient presented below gives us the opportunity to discuss challenges in the diagnosis of drug‐induced liver injury in an era of increasing awareness of hepatitis E. (HEPATOLOGY 2012;)

Song Zhang, Ruifang Liang, Wei Luo, Chang Liu, Xiaoli Wu, Yanan Gao, Jianlei Hao, Guangchao Cao, Xi Chen, Jun Wei, Siyuan Xia, Zheng Li, Ti Wen, Yunyun Wu, Xinglong Zhou, Puyue Wang, Liqing Zhao, Zhengzhou Wu, Sidong Xiong, Xiaoming Gao, Xiang Gao, Yongyan Chen, Qing Ge, Zhigang Tian, Zhinan Yin – 23 November 2012 – Interleukin (IL)‐27, a newly discovered IL‐12 family cytokine, is composed of p28 and EBI3. In this study, CD11c‐p28f/f conditional knockout mice were generated to delete p28 specifically in dendritic cells (DCs).

Tsunekazu Oikawa, Akihide Kamiya, Mikio Zeniya, Hiromi Chikada, Ahn Dong Hyuck, Yuji Yamazaki, Eliane Wauthier, Hisao Tajiri, Lance D. Miller, Xin Wei Wang, Lola M. Reid, Hiromitsu Nakauchi – 23 November 2012 – Liver cancers, including hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs), cholangiocarcinomas (CCs), and fibrolamellar HCCs (FL‐HCCs) are among the most common cancers worldwide and are associated with a poor prognosis. Investigations of genes important in liver cancers have focused on Sal‐like protein 4 (SALL4), a member of a family of zinc finger transcription factors.

Yanjun Jiang, Polina Iakova, Jingling Jin, Emily Sullivan, Vladislav Sharin, Il‐Hwa Hong, Sayee Anakk, Angela Mayor, Gretchen Darlington, Milton Finegold, David Moore, Nikolai A. Timchenko – 21 November 2012 – One of the early events in the development of liver cancer is a neutralization of tumor suppressor proteins Rb, p53, hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (HNF4α), and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP) α. The elimination of these proteins is mediated by a small subunit of proteasome, gankyrin, which is activated by cancer.

Utaroh Motosugi, Tomoaki Ichikawa, Tsutomu Araki, Masanori Matsuda, Hideki Fujii, Nobuyuki Enomoto – 21 November 2012

Mona El Khatib, Anna Kalnytska, Vindhya Palagani, Uta Kossatz, Michael P. Manns, Nisar P. Malek, Ludwig Wilkens, Ruben R. Plentz – 21 November 2012 – The Hedgehog signaling pathway plays a pivotal role during embryonic development, stem cell maintenance, and wound healing. Hedgehog signaling also is deregulated in many cancers. However, the role of this signaling pathway in the carcinogenesis of cholangiocarcinoma (CCC) is still unknown.