Liver‐specific p38α deficiency causes reduced cell growth and cytokinesis failure during chronic biliary cirrhosis in mice

Ana M. Tormos, Alessandro Arduini, Raquel Talens‐Visconti, Ivan del Barco Barrantes, Angel R. Nebreda, Juan Sastre – 29 November 2012 – p38α mitogen‐activated protein kinases (MAPK) may be essential in the up‐regulation of proinflammatory cytokines and can be activated by transforming growth factor β, tumor necrosis factor‐α, interleukin‐1β, and oxidative stress. p38 MAPK activation results in hepatocyte growth arrest, whereas increased proliferation has been considered a hallmark of p38α‐deficient cells.

Early and Long‐Term Results of Routine Microsurgical Biliary Reconstruction in Living Donor Liver Transplantation

Tsan‐Shiun Lin, Chao‐Long Chen, Allan M. Concejero, Anthony Q. Yap, Yu‐Hung Lin, Chun‐Yi Liu, Yuan‐Cheng Chiang, Chih‐Chi Wang, Shih‐Ho Wang, Chih‐Che Lin, Chee‐Chien Yong, Yu‐Fan Cheng – 29 November 2012 – We describe our early and long‐term experience with routine biliary reconstruction via a microsurgical technique in living donor liver transplantation (LDLT). One hundred seventy‐seven grafts (including 3 dual grafts) were primarily transplanted into 174 recipients. The minimum follow‐up was 44 months.

Effects of simvastatin administration on rodents with lipopolysaccharide‐induced liver microvascular dysfunction

Vincenzo La Mura, Marcos Pasarín, Cintia Z. Meireles, Rosa Miquel, Aina Rodríguez‐Vilarrupla, Diana Hide, Jorge Gracia‐Sancho, Juan Carlos García‐Pagán, Jaime Bosch, Juan G. Abraldes – 26 November 2012 – Endothelial dysfunction drives vascular derangement and organ failure associated with sepsis. However, the consequences of sepsis on liver sinusoidal endothelial function are largely unknown. Statins might improve microvascular dysfunction in sepsis. The present study explores liver vascular abnormalities and the effects of statins in a rat model of endotoxemia.

Antimitochondrial antibody heterogeneity and the xenobiotic etiology of primary biliary cirrhosis

Richy C.Y. Chen, Phornnop Naiyanetr, Shang‐An Shu, Jinjun Wang, Guo‐Xiang Yang, Thomas P. Kenny, Kathryn C. Guggenheim, Jeffrey D. Butler, Christopher Bowlus, Mi‐Hua Tao, Mark J. Kurth, Aftab A. Ansari, Marshall Kaplan, Ross L. Coppel, Ana Lleo, M. Eric Gershwin, Patrick S.C. Leung – 26 November 2012 – Antimitochondrial antibodies (AMAs) directed against the lipoyl domain of the E2 subunit of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDC‐E2) are detected in 95% of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) and are present before the onset of clinical disease.

Defective bile salt biosynthesis and hydroxylation in mice with reduced cytochrome P450 activity

Cindy Kunne, Alexandra Acco, Simon Hohenester, Suzanne Duijst, Dirk R. de Waart, Alaleh Zamanbin, Ronald P.J. Oude Elferink – 26 November 2012 – The difference in bile salt (BS) composition between rodents and humans is mainly caused by formation of muricholate in rodents as well as by efficient rehydroxylation of deoxycholic acid. The aim of this study was to characterize bile formation in a mouse model (Hrn mice) with hepatic disruption of the cytochrome p450 (CYP) oxidoreductase gene, encoding the single electron donor for all CYPs.

Roles of dendritic cells in murine hepatic warm and liver transplantation‐induced cold ischemia/reperfusion injury

Matthew Zhang, Shinya Ueki, Shoko Kimura, Osamu Yoshida, Antonino Castellaneta, Kikumi S. Ozaki, Anthony J. Demetris, Mark Ross, Yoram Vodovotz, Angus W. Thomson, Donna B. Stolz, David A. Geller, Noriko Murase – 26 November 2012 – Dendritic cells (DCs) induce and regulate both innate and adaptive immune responses; however, their in vivo functional importance in hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury is perplexing. We hypothesized that liver‐resident DC and locally recruited blood‐borne DC might have distinctive roles in hepatic IR injury.

Constitutive Notch2 signaling induces hepatic tumors in mice

Michael T. Dill, Luigi Tornillo, Thorsten Fritzius, Luigi Terracciano, David Semela, Bernhard Bettler, Markus H. Heim, Jan S. Tchorz – 23 November 2012 – Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cholangiocarcinoma (CCC) are the most common liver tumors and a leading cause for cancer‐related death in men. Notch2 regulates cellular differentiation in the developing and adult liver.

Resistin reduces mitochondria and induces hepatic steatosis in mice by the protein kinase C/protein kinase G/p65/PPAR gamma coactivator 1 alpha pathway

Lei Zhou, Xiaolan Yu, Qingjie Meng, Hongqiang Li, Congcong Niu, Yun Jiang, Yuxi Cai, Minghui Li, Qiang Li, Chaoqiang An, Le Shu, Ao Chen, Handong Su, Yin Tang, Shen Yin, Silja Raschke, Kristin Eckardt, Jürgen Eckel, Zaiqing Yang – 23 November 2012 – Obesity is associated with many severe chronic diseases and deciphering its development and molecular mechanisms is necessary for promoting treatment.

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