Cindy Kunne, Alexandra Acco, Simon Hohenester, Suzanne Duijst, Dirk R. de Waart, Alaleh Zamanbin, Ronald P.J. Oude Elferink – 26 November 2012 – The difference in bile salt (BS) composition between rodents and humans is mainly caused by formation of muricholate in rodents as well as by efficient rehydroxylation of deoxycholic acid. The aim of this study was to characterize bile formation in a mouse model (Hrn mice) with hepatic disruption of the cytochrome p450 (CYP) oxidoreductase gene, encoding the single electron donor for all CYPs.

Matthew Zhang, Shinya Ueki, Shoko Kimura, Osamu Yoshida, Antonino Castellaneta, Kikumi S. Ozaki, Anthony J. Demetris, Mark Ross, Yoram Vodovotz, Angus W. Thomson, Donna B. Stolz, David A. Geller, Noriko Murase – 26 November 2012 – Dendritic cells (DCs) induce and regulate both innate and adaptive immune responses; however, their in vivo functional importance in hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury is perplexing. We hypothesized that liver‐resident DC and locally recruited blood‐borne DC might have distinctive roles in hepatic IR injury.

Michael T. Dill, Luigi Tornillo, Thorsten Fritzius, Luigi Terracciano, David Semela, Bernhard Bettler, Markus H. Heim, Jan S. Tchorz – 23 November 2012 – Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cholangiocarcinoma (CCC) are the most common liver tumors and a leading cause for cancer‐related death in men. Notch2 regulates cellular differentiation in the developing and adult liver.

23 November 2012

Lei Zhou, Xiaolan Yu, Qingjie Meng, Hongqiang Li, Congcong Niu, Yun Jiang, Yuxi Cai, Minghui Li, Qiang Li, Chaoqiang An, Le Shu, Ao Chen, Handong Su, Yin Tang, Shen Yin, Silja Raschke, Kristin Eckardt, Jürgen Eckel, Zaiqing Yang – 23 November 2012 – Obesity is associated with many severe chronic diseases and deciphering its development and molecular mechanisms is necessary for promoting treatment.

Norah A. Terrault, Jennifer L. Dodge, Edward L. Murphy, John E. Tavis, Alexi Kiss, T. R. Levin, Robert G. Gish, Michael P. Busch, Arthur L. Reingold, Miriam J. Alter – 23 November 2012 – The efficiency of hepatitis C virus (HCV) transmission by sexual activity remains controversial. We conducted a cross‐sectional study of HCV‐positive subjects and their partners to estimate the risk for HCV infection among monogamous heterosexual couples. A total of 500 anti–HCV‐positive, human immunodeficiency virus–negative index subjects and their long‐term heterosexual partners were studied.

Emerson Y. Chen, Karl Baum, William Collins, Arthur Löve, Michael Merz, Sigurdur Olafsson, Einar S. Björnsson, William M. Lee – 23 November 2012 – The patient presented below gives us the opportunity to discuss challenges in the diagnosis of drug‐induced liver injury in an era of increasing awareness of hepatitis E. (HEPATOLOGY 2012;)

Donghee Kim, W. Ray Kim, Hwa Jung Kim, Terry M. Therneau – 23 November 2012 – The clinical and public health significance of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is not well established. We investigated the long‐term effect of NAFLD on mortality. This analysis utilized the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted in 1988‐1994 and subsequent follow‐up data for mortality through December 31, 2006. NAFLD was defined by ultrasonographic detection of hepatic steatosis in the absence of other known liver diseases.

Manuel Hernández‐Guerra, Zaida Adrián de Ganzo, Yanira González‐Méndez, Eduardo Salido, Pedro Abreu, Miguel Moreno, Vanesa Felipe, Beatriz Abrante, Enrique Quintero – 23 November 2012 – Chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) occurs with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and provokes systemic endothelial dysfunction, which is associated with oxidative stress and low nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability. Cirrhotic livers exhibit intrahepatic endothelial dysfunction, which is characterized by an impaired endothelium‐dependent response to vasodilators and hyperresponse to vasoconstrictors.

Eishiro Mizukoshi, Tatsuya Yamashita, Kuniaki Arai, Hajime Sunagozaka, Teruyuki Ueda, Fumitaka Arihara, Takashi Kagaya, Taro Yamashita, Kazumi Fushimi, Shuichi Kaneko – 23 November 2012 – Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is one of the treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and is known to enhance host immune response. However, the epitopes to which enhanced immune responses occur, the impact on patient prognosis, and the functions and phenotype of T cells induced are still unclear.