Association between plasma cyclic guanosine monophosphate levels and hemodynamic instability during liver transplantation

Dmitri Bezinover, Zakiyah Kadry, Tadahiro Uemura, Michael Sharghi, Andrea M. Mastro, Donna M. Sosnoski, Priti Dalal, Piotr K. Janicki – 16 November 2012 – The activation of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) production in patients with end‐stage liver disease (ESLD) has been associated with hemodynamic instability during orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). The aim of this prospective, observational study was to investigate the involvement of cGMP in the mediation of profound hypotension during liver graft reperfusion.

Targeting androgen receptor in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells leads to better transplantation therapy efficacy in liver cirrhosis

Chiung‐Kuei Huang, Soo Ok Lee, Kuo‐Pao Lai, Wen‐Lung Ma, Tzu‐Hua Lin, Meng‐Yin Tsai, Jie Luo, Chawnshang Chang – 13 November 2012 – Transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM‐MSCs) has been considered as an alternative therapy, replacing liver transplantation in clinical trials, to treat liver cirrhosis, an irreversible disease that may eventually lead to liver cancer development. However, low survival rate of the BM‐MSCs leading to unsatisfactory efficacy remains a major concern.

Contrast‐enhanced intraoperative ultrasonography for vascular imaging of hepatocellular carcinoma: Clinical and biological significance

Kota Sato, Shinji Tanaka, Yusuke Mitsunori, Kaoru Mogushi, Mahmut Yasen, Arihiro Aihara, Daisuke Ban, Takanori Ochiai, Takumi Irie, Atsushi Kudo, Noriaki Nakamura, Hiroshi Tanaka, Shigeki Arii – 13 November 2012 – Abnormal tumor vascularity is one of the typical features of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, the significance of contrast‐enhanced intraoperative ultrasonography (CEIOUS) images of HCC vasculature was evaluated by clinicopathological and gene expression analyses. We enrolled 82 patients who underwent curative hepatic resection for HCC with CEIOUS.

Power of metabolomics in diagnosis and biomarker discovery of hepatocellular carcinoma

Xijun Wang, Aihua Zhang, Hui Sun – 13 November 2012 – Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the commonest primary hepatic malignancy and the third most common cause of cancer‐related death worldwide. Incidence remains highest in the developing world and is steadily increasing across the developed world. Current diagnostic modalities, of ultrasound and α‐fetoprotein, are expensive and lack sensitivity in tumor detection. Because of its asymptomatic nature, HCC is usually diagnosed at late and advanced stages, for which there are no effective therapies.

Increased susceptibility of natural killer T‐cell‐deficient mice to acetaminophen‐induced liver injury

Brittany V. Martin‐Murphy, Douglas J. Kominsky, David J. Orlicky, Terrence M. Donohue, Cynthia Ju – 13 November 2012 – Acetaminophen (APAP) overdose causes severe, fulminant liver injury. The underlying mechanism of APAP‐induced liver injury (AILI), studied by a murine model, displays similar characteristics of injury as those observed in patients. Previous studies suggest that aside from APAP‐induced direct damage to hepatocytes, the hepatic innate immune system is activated and may contribute to the overall pathogenesis of AILI.

Chimeric hepatitis B virus/hepatitis C virus envelope proteins elicit broadly neutralizing antibodies and constitute a potential bivalent prophylactic vaccine

Elodie Beaumont, Romuald Patient, Christophe Hourioux, Isabelle Dimier‐Poisson, Philippe Roingeard – 13 November 2012 – The development of a prophylactic vaccine against hepatitis C virus (HCV) has become an important medical priority, because 3‐4 million new HCV infections are thought to occur each year worldwide. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is another major human pathogen, but infections with this virus can be prevented with a safe, efficient vaccine, based on the remarkable ability of the envelope protein (S) of this virus to self‐assemble into highly immunogenic subviral particles.

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