Brian R. Edlin – 12 December 2012 – Hepatitis C is the most prevalent bloodborne viral disease in the United States and the deadliest. This year, the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) will update its 2004 hepatitis C guideline, which recommends against screening asymptomatic adults for hepatitis C. This guideline has hampered public health efforts to encourage screening and identify and refer infected persons for care by declaring that such interventions were not supported by the evidence.

William R. Proctor, Mala Chakraborty, Lynette S. Chea, Jeffrey C. Morrison, Julia D. Berkson, Kenrick Semple, Mohammed Bourdi, Lance R. Pohl – 12 December 2012 – Drug‐induced liver injury (DILI) is a major health issue, as it remains difficult to predict which new drugs will cause injury and who will be susceptible to this disease. This is due in part to the lack of animal models and knowledge of susceptibility factors that predispose individuals to DILI. In this regard, liver eosinophilia has often been associated with DILI, although its role remains unclear.

Vijay Krishnamoorthy, Katharina Beckmann, Mark Mueller, Deepak Sharma, Monica S. Vavilala – 10 December 2012 – An elevation of the intracranial pressure (ICP) secondary to cerebral edema is a major contributor to morbidity and mortality in acute liver failure. In addition, invasive ICP monitoring in this setting is controversial because coagulopathy predisposes patients to hemorrhagic complications. In this case report, we describe the novel use of optic nerve sheath diameter monitoring as a noninvasive modality for checking for acute elevations in ICP in this setting.

Belen Gil‐Alzugaray, Ana Chopitea, Mercedes Iñarrairaegui, Jose I. Bilbao, Macarena Rodriguez‐Fraile, Javier Rodriguez, Alberto Benito, Inés Dominguez, Delia D'Avola, Jose I. Herrero, Jorge Quiroga, Jesus Prieto, Bruno Sangro – 10 December 2012 – Radioembolization (RE)‐induced liver disease (REILD) has been defined as jaundice and ascites appearing 1 to 2 months after RE in the absence of tumor progression or bile duct occlusion.

Paolo Simone, Faouzi Saliba, Lutz Fischer – 10 December 2012

Rishi Agarwal, Joseph Buell, Nathan J. Shores – 7 December 2012

Yan Wu, Dong‐Ming Kuang, Wei‐Dong Pan, Yun‐Le Wan, Xiang‐Ming Lao, Dian Wang, Xue‐Feng Li, Limin Zheng – 7 December 2012 – Defects in natural killer (NK) cell functions are necessary for tumor immune escape, but their underlying regulatory mechanisms in human cancers remain largely unknown. Here we show, in detailed studies of NK cells in 294 untreated patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), that accumulation of functional NK cells in HCC tissues could predict improved survival of patients.

Rishi Agarwal, Joseph Buell, Nathan J. Shores – 7 December 2012

Leon A. Adams, Scott W. White, Julie A. Marsh, Stephen J. Lye, Kristin L. Connor, Richard Maganga, Oyekoya T. Ayonrinde, John K. Olynyk, Trevor A. Mori, Lawrence J. Beilin, Lyle J. Palmer, Jeffrey M. Hamdorf, Craig E. Pennell – 5 December 2012 – Genetic factors account for a significant proportion of the phenotypic variance of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD); however, very few predisposing genes have been identified.

Sung Keun Park, Mi Hae Seo, Ho Cheol Shin, Jae‐Hong Ryoo – 5 December 2012 – There have been several reports about the clinical association between type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, most of the studies were about the unilateral effects of type 2 DM on NAFLD, and studies on the reverse relation are rare. Thus, this study was designed to investigate the effect of NAFLD on type 2 DM. We conducted a prospective cohort study on 25,232 Korean men without type 2 DM for 5 years.