Outcomes of liver transplant recipients with hepatitis C and human immunodeficiency virus coinfection

Norah A. Terrault, Michelle E. Roland, Thomas Schiano, Lorna Dove, Michael T. Wong, Fred Poordad, Margaret V. Ragni, Burc Barin, David Simon, Kim M. Olthoff, Lynt Johnson, Valentina Stosor, Dushyantha Jayaweera, John Fung, Kenneth E. Sherman, Aruna Subramanian, J. Michael Millis, Douglas Slakey, Carl L. Berg, Laurie Carlson, Linda Ferrell, Donald M. Stablein, Jonah Odim, Lawrence Fox, Peter G.

Safety of anidulafungin in solid organ transplant recipients

J.M. Aguado, E. Varo, P. Usetti, J.C. Pozo, A. Moreno, M. Catalán, O. Len, M. Blanes, A. Solé, P. Muñoz, M. Montejo, the TOSCANA Study Group – 12 February 2012 – The aim of this study was the evaluation of the safety of anidulafungin in adult solid organ transplantation (SOT) recipients. During the study period (14 months), we included all consecutive SOT recipients from 14 centers who received anidulafungin for at least 48 hours for the treatment of invasive fungal infections (IFIs) or as prophylaxis. Relevant clinical and analytical information on clinical charts was reviewed.

Hepatitis C virus selectively perturbs the distal cholesterol synthesis pathway in a genotype‐specific manner

Paul J. Clark, Alexander J. Thompson, David M. Vock, Lisa E. Kratz, Adviye A. Tolun, Andrew J. Muir, John G. McHutchison, Mani Subramanian, David M. Millington, Richard I. Kelley, Keyur Patel – 9 February 2012 – Hepatitis C virus (HCV) subverts host cholesterol metabolism for key processes in its lifecycle. How this interference results in the frequently observed, genotype‐dependent clinical sequelae of hypocholesterolemia, hepatic steatosis, and insulin resistance (IR) remains incompletely understood.

Major vault protein: A virus‐induced host factor against viral replication through the induction of type‐I interferon

Shi Liu, Qian Hao, Nanfang Peng, Xin Yue, Yu Wang, Yanni Chen, Jianguo Wu, Ying Zhu – 9 February 2012 – Major vault protein (MVP) is the major constituent of vaults and is involved in multidrug resistance, nucleocytoplasmic transport, and cell signaling. However, little is known about the role of MVP during viral infections. In this study, high levels of MVP were found in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, sera, and liver tissue from patients infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) relative to healthy individuals.

Stat3‐mediated activation of microRNA‐23a suppresses gluconeogenesis in hepatocellular carcinoma by down‐regulating Glucose‐6‐phosphatase and peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma, coactivator 1 alpha

Bo Wang, Shu‐Hao Hsu, Wendy Frankel, Kalpana Ghoshal, Samson T. Jacob – 9 February 2012 – Considerable effort has been made in elucidating the mechanism and functional significance of high levels of aerobic glycolysis in cancer cells, commonly referred to as the Warburg effect. Here we investigated whether the gluconeogenic pathway is significantly modulated in hepatocarcinogenesis, resulting in altered levels of glucose homeostasis.

Fibronectin is essential for survival but is dispensable for proliferation of hepatocytes in acute liver injury in mice

Kei Moriya, Keiko Sakai, Michel H. Yan, Takao Sakai – 9 February 2012 – Acute liver injury causes massive hepatocyte apoptosis and/or fatal liver damage. Fibronectin, an extracellular matrix glycoprotein, is prominently expressed during adult tissue repair. However, the extent of fibronectin dependence on hepatocyte response to acute liver damage remains to be defined.

Hepatic androgen receptor suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis through modulation of cell migration and anoikis

Wen‐Lung Ma, Cheng‐Lung Hsu, Chun‐Chieh Yeh, Ming‐Heng Wu, Chiung‐Kuei Huang, Long‐Bin Jeng, Yao‐Ching Hung, Tze‐Yi Lin, Shuyuan Yeh, Chawnshang Chang – 9 February 2012 – Early reports suggested androgen/androgen receptor (AR) signals promote hepatocarcinogenesis. However, all antiandrogen clinical trials failed in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) without reasonable explanations. We examined AR functions in HCC cancer metastasis in this study.

Peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor alpha induction of uncoupling protein 2 protects against acetaminophen‐induced liver toxicity

Andrew D. Patterson, Yatrik M. Shah, Tsutomu Matsubara, Kristopher W. Krausz, Frank J. Gonzalez – 9 February 2012 – Acetaminophen (APAP) overdose causes acute liver failure in humans and rodents due in part to the destruction of mitochondria as a result of increased oxidative stress followed by hepatocellular necrosis.

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