Activation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate–dependent protein kinase a signaling prevents liver ischemia/reperfusion injury in mice

Haofeng Ji, Xiu‐da Shen, Yu Zhang, Feng Gao, Cynthia Y. Huang, William W. Chang, Coney Lee, Bibo Ke, Ronald W. Busuttil, Jerzy W. Kupiec‐Weglinski – 30 January 2012 – Hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) occurs in multiple clinical settings, including liver transplantation. The cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)–dependent protein kinase A (PKA) pathway inhibits hepatocellular apoptosis and regulates toll‐like receptor 4–triggered inflammation responses in vitro.

Predictors of pretransplant dropout and posttransplant recurrence in patients with perihilar cholangiocarcinoma

Sarwa Darwish Murad, W. Ray Kim, Terry Therneau, Gregory J. Gores, Charles B. Rosen, James A. Martenson, Steven R. Alberts, Julie K. Heimbach – 30 January 2012 – We have previously reported excellent outcomes with liver transplantation for selected patients with early‐stage perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Our aim was to identify predictors of dropout before transplantation and predictors of cancer recurrence after transplantation.

High plasma level of nucleocapsid‐free envelope glycoprotein‐positive lipoproteins in hepatitis C patients

Caroline Scholtes, Christophe Ramière, Dominique Rainteau, Laure Perrin‐Cocon, Claude Wolf, Lydie Humbert, Martine Carreras, Aurélie Guironnet‐Paquet, Fabien Zoulim, Ralf Bartenschlager, Vincent Lotteau, Patrice André, Olivier Diaz – 30 January 2012 – Hepatitis C virus (HCV) particles associate viral and lipoprotein moieties to form hybrid lipoviral particles (LVPs). Cell culture–produced HCV (HCVcc) and ex vivo–characterized LVPs primarily differ by their apolipoprotein (apo) B content, which is low for HCVcc, but high for LVPs.

Significance of immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)‐positive cells in extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: Molecular mechanism of IgG4 reaction in cancer tissue

Kenichi Harada, Shinji Shimoda, Yasushi Kimura, Yasunori Sato, Hiroko Ikeda, Saya Igarashi, Xiang‐Shan Ren, Hirohide Sato, Yasuni Nakanuma – 30 January 2012 – IgG4 reactions consisting of marked infiltration by immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)‐positive plasma cells in affected organs is found in cancer patients as well as patients with IgG4‐related diseases. Notably, extrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas accompanying marked IgG4 reactions clinicopathologically mimic IgG4‐related sclerosing cholangitis.

Serotonin protects mouse liver from cholestatic injury by decreasing bile salt pool after bile duct ligation

Jae‐Hwi Jang, Andreas Rickenbacher, Bostjan Humar, Achim Weber, Dimitri Aristotle Raptis, Kuno Lehmann, Bruno Stieger, Wolfgang Moritz, Christopher Soll, Panco Georgiev, David Fischer, Endre Laczko, Rolf Graf, Pierre‐Alain Clavien – 30 January 2012 – Obstructive cholestasis induces liver injury, postoperative complications, and mortality after surgery. Adaptive control of cholestasis, including bile salt homeostasis, is necessary for recovery and survival. Peripheral serotonin is a cytoprotective neurotransmitter also associated with liver regeneration.

Disruption of phospholipid and bile acid homeostasis in mice with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis

Naoki Tanaka, Tsutomu Matsubara, Kristopher W. Krausz, Andrew D. Patterson, Frank J. Gonzalez – 30 January 2012 – Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a progressive form of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease that can develop into cirrhosis, hepatic failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Although several metabolic pathways are disrupted and endogenous metabolites may change in NASH, the alterations in serum metabolites during NASH development remain unclear.

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