Sustained virological response prevents the development of insulin resistance in patients with chronic hepatitis C

Alessio Aghemo, Gian Maria Prati, Maria Grazia Rumi, Roberta Soffredini, Roberta D'Ambrosio, Emanuela Orsi, Stella De Nicola, Elisabetta Degasperi, Valeria Grancini, Massimo Colombo – 22 May 2012 – Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is associated with insulin resistance (IR), which is a condition known to influence the progression of liver fibrosis and the response to pegylated interferon (PEG‐IFN)/ribavirin (RBV) therapy. We aimed to assess whether a sustained virological response (SVR) after antiviral therapy prevents the development of IR in the long term.

Risk of hip fracture associated with hepatitis c virus infection and hepatitis C/human immunodeficiency virus coinfection

Vincent Lo Re, Jessica Volk, Craig W. Newcomb, Yu‐Xiao Yang, Cristin P. Freeman, Sean Hennessy, Jay R. Kostman, Pablo Tebas, Mary B. Leonard, A. Russell Localio – 22 May 2012 – Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has been associated with reduced bone mineral density, but its association with fracture rates is unknown, particularly in the setting of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfection.

Refinement of stopping rules during treatment of hepatitis C genotype 1 infection with boceprevir and peginterferon/ribavirin

Ira M. Jacobson, Patrick Marcellin, Stefan Zeuzem, Mark S. Sulkowski, Rafael Esteban, Fred Poordad, Savino Bruno, Margaret H. Burroughs, Lisa D. Pedicone, Navdeep Boparai, Weiping Deng, Mark J. DiNubile, Keith M. Gottesdiener, Clifford A. Brass, Janice K. Albrecht, Jean‐Pierre Bronowicki – 22 May 2012 – In comparison with peginterferon/ribavirin alone, boceprevir with peginterferon/ribavirin significantly improves sustained virological response (SVR) rates in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1 infections, but treatment failure remains a significant problem.

Lower liver‐related death in African‐American women with human immunodeficiency virus/hepatitis C virus coinfection, compared to Caucasian and Hispanic women

Monika Sarkar, Peter Bacchetti, Audrey L. French, Phyllis Tien, Marshall J. Glesby, Marek Nowicki, Michael Plankey, Stephen Gange, Gerald Sharp, Howard Minkoff, Marion G. Peters, for the Women's Interagency HIV Study (WIHS) – 22 May 2012 – Among individuals with and without concurrent human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), racial/ethnic differences in the natural history of hepatitis C virus (HCV) have been described. African Americans have lower spontaneous HCV clearance than Caucasians, yet slower rates of liver fibrosis once chronically infected.

Megakaryocytes promote hepatoepithelial liver cell development in E11.5 mouse embryos by cell‐to‐cell contact and by vascular endothelial growth factor A signaling

Natalia Serrano, Isabel Cortegano, Carolina Ruiz, Mario Alía, Belén de Andrés, María Teresa Rejas, Miguel A.R. Marcos, María Luisa Gaspar – 21 May 2012 – In the mouse embryo, hematopoietic progenitor cells migrate to the fetal liver (FL) between gestational days (E) 9.5 and 10.5, where they rapidly expand to form the main fetal reservoir of hematopoietic cells. The embryonic megakaryocyte progenitors (MKPs) in the E11.5 FL were identified as CD49fHCD41H (and c‐KitDKDR+CD42+CD9++CD31+) cells, expressing several hepato‐specific proteins.

Tracing hepatitis B virus to the 16th century in a Korean mummy

Gila Kahila Bar‐Gal, Myeung Ju Kim, Athalia Klein, Dong Hoon Shin, Chang Seok Oh, Jong Wan Kim, Tae‐Hyun Kim, Seok Bae Kim, Paul R. Grant, Orit Pappo, Mark Spigelman, Daniel Shouval – 21 May 2012 – A rare find of a mummified child from the 16th century AD, in Korea, with relatively preserved organs, enabled a search for ancient hepatitis B virus (aHBV) DNA sequences from laparoscopic‐derived liver biopsies.

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