The H4 histamine receptor agonist, clobenpropit, suppresses human cholangiocarcinoma progression by disruption of epithelial mesenchymal transition and tumor metastasis

Fanyin Meng, Yuyan Han, Dustin Staloch, Taylor Francis, Allison Stokes, Heather Francis – 25 July 2011 – Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a biliary cancer arising from damaged bile ducts. Epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) occurs as epithelial cells begin to resemble mesenchymal cells leading to increased invasion potential as the extracellular matrix (ECM) degrades. Histamine exerts its effects by way of four receptors (H1‐H4 HRs). Clobenpropit, a potent H4HR agonist, inhibits mammary adenocarcinoma growth.

Hepatocytes internalize trophic receptors at large endocytic “Hot Spots”

Hong Cao, Eugene W. Krueger, Mark A. McNiven – 25 July 2011 – Clathrin‐mediated endocytosis in mammalian epithelial cells is believed to require the synergistic action of structural coat proteins and mechanochemical enzymes to deform and sever the plasma membrane (PM) into discreet vesicles. It is generally believed that the formation of clathrin‐coated pits in epithelial cells occurs randomly along the apical and basolateral plasma membranes.

Apolipoprotein CIII overexpressing mice are predisposed to diet‐induced hepatic steatosis and hepatic insulin resistance

Hui‐Young Lee, Andreas L. Birkenfeld, Francois R. Jornayvaz, Michael J. Jurczak, Shoichi Kanda, Violeta Popov, David W. Frederick, Dongyan Zhang, Blas Guigni, Kalyani G. Bharadwaj, Cheol Soo Choi, Ira J. Goldberg, Jae‐Hak Park, Kitt F. Petersen, Varman T. Samuel, Gerald I. Shulman – 25 July 2011 – Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and insulin resistance have recently been found to be associated with increased plasma concentrations of apolipoprotein CIII (APOC3) in humans carrying single nucleotide polymorphisms within the insulin response element of the APOC3 gene.

Cancer surveillance in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis

Nataliya Razumilava, Gregory J. Gores, Keith D. Lindor – 25 July 2011 – Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic fibroinflammatory syndrome involving the biliary tract, often accompanied by inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This syndrome is a prototype disease linking chronic inflammation to carcinogenesis. Indeed, PSC is associated with an increased risk of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), gallbladder cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and colorectal cancer.

Up‐regulation of Hedgehog pathway is associated with cellular permissiveness for hepatitis C virus replication

Steve S. Choi, Shelton Bradrick, Guan Qiang, Anahita Mostafavi, Gaurav Chaturvedi, Steven A. Weinman, Anna Mae Diehl, Ravi Jhaveri – 25 July 2011 – Studies of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) life‐cycle rely heavily on Huh7.5 cells, but the reasons why these cells are exceptionally permissive for HCV replication are not clear. Based on recent clinical observations, we hypothesized that the Hedgehog (Hh) pathway, which has not been previously associated with HCV replication, may be involved in the Huh7.5 phenotype of increased permissiveness.

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