Irina Zemtsova, Boris Görg, Verena Keitel, Hans‐Jürgen Bidmon, Karsten Schrör, Dieter Häussinger – 30 March 2011 – Astrocytes play an important role in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) and ammonia toxicity, whereas little is known about microglia and neuroinflammation under these conditions. We therefore studied the effects of ammonia on rat microglia in vitro and in vivo and analyzed markers of neuroinflammation in post mortem brain tissue from patients with cirrhosis with and without HE and non‐cirrhotic controls.

Brent A. Neuschwander‐Tetri – 24 March 2011

Umberto Baccarani, Vittorio Cherchi, Anna Rossetto, Dario Lorenzin, Gian Luigi Adani – 24 March 2011

Giuseppina Basta, Teresa Navarra, Paolo De Simone, Serena Del Turco, Amalia Gastaldelli, Franco Filipponi – 24 March 2011 – Multiligand receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is expressed in a wide variety of tissues, including the liver. Interactions with its ligands lead to cellular activation and thus prolonged inflammation and apoptosis.

René Adam, Eric Vibert, Jean‐Charles Duclos‐Vallee, Didier Samuel – 24 March 2011

Charles Balabaud – 24 March 2011

Jin‐Kyu Park, Kyu‐Shik Jeong – 24 March 2011

Stefano Ballestri, Amedeo Lonardo, Paola Loria – 24 March 2011

Gonzalo Sapisochin, Nicholas Fidelman, John P. Roberts, Francis Y. Yao – 24 March 2011 – Mixed hepatocellular cholangiocarcinoma (HCC‐CC) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (I‐CC) are increasingly being reported in patients with cirrhosis.

Evie H. Carchman, Jayashree Rao, Patricia A. Loughran, Matthew R. Rosengart, Brian S. Zuckerbraun – 24 March 2011 – Adaptive responses to sepsis are necessary to prevent organ failure and death. Cellular signaling responses that limit cell death and structural damage allow a cell to withstand insult from sepsis to prevent irreversible organ dysfunction. One such protective pathway to reduce hepatocellular injury is the up‐regulation of heme oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1) signaling.