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Anna S. Lok, James E. Everhart – 11 May 2011
Toll‐like receptor 2 polymorphism and gram‐positive bacterial infections after liver transplantation
Sang‐Oh Lee, Robert A. Brown, Seung H. Kang, Rima C. Abdel‐Massih, Raymund R. Razonable – 11 May 2011 – Toll‐like receptor 2 (TLR2) is an immune sensor for gram‐positive bacterial cell wall components. Single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the TLR2 gene that impair its function may, therefore, influence the risk and outcomes of gram‐positive bacterial infections.
Should we perform deceased donor liver transplantation after living donor liver transplantation has failed?
Paul D. Greig, Andreas Geier, Anthony M. D'Alessandro, Michael Campbell, Linda Wright – 11 May 2011
Overdose with suicidal intent: Ethical considerations for liver transplant programs
Rosamond Rhodes, Sourabh Aggarwal, Thomas D. Schiano – 11 May 2011 – Liver transplantation (LT) programs encounter patients with fulminant hepatic failure resulting from suicide attempts involving acetaminophen or multidrug ingestion. Members of transplant teams often have different opinions about whether these patients should be offered transplantation. Disagreements can delay the transfer of these patients to a transplant facility and negatively affect their management.
Entecavir treatment for chronic hepatitis B: Adaptation is not needed for the majority of naïve patients with a partial virological response
Roeland Zoutendijk, Jurriën G. P. Reijnders, Ashley Brown, Fabien Zoulim, David Mutimer, Katja Deterding, Jörg Petersen, Wolf Peter Hofmann, Maria Buti, Teresa Santantonio, Florian van Bömmel, Pierre Pradat, Ye Oo, Marc Luetgehetmann, Thomas Berg, Bettina E. Hansen, Heiner Wedemeyer, Harry L. A. Janssen, for the VIRGIL Surveillance Study Group – 11 May 2011 – Entecavir (ETV) is a potent inhibitor of viral replication in nucleos(t)ide analogue (NA)‐naïve chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients.
Death receptors and mitochondria: Life depends on the liver
Melissa J. Parsons, Douglas R. Green – 11 May 2011
Branched‐chain amino acids as pharmacological nutrients in chronic liver disease
Takumi Kawaguchi, Namiki Izumi, Michael R. Charlton, Michio Sata – 11 May 2011 – Branched‐chain amino acids (BCAAs) are a group of essential amino acids comprising valine, leucine, and isoleucine. A low ratio of plasma BCAAs to aromatic amino acids is a physiological hallmark of liver cirrhosis, and BCAA supplementation was originally devised with the intention of normalizing amino acid profiles and nutritional status.
Human leukocyte antigen in primary biliary cirrhosis: An old story now reviving
Pietro Invernizzi – 11 May 2011 – Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is an autoimmune biliary disease characterized by injury of small and medium size bile ducts, eventually leading to liver cirrhosis and death. Although the causes remain enigmatic, recent evidence has strengthened the importance of genetic factors in determining the susceptibility to the disease.
Toll‐like receptor 4 knockout mice are protected from endothelial overactivation in the absence of Kupffer cells after total hepatic ischemia/reperfusion
Justin D. Ellett, Carl Atkinson, Zachary P. Evans, Zainab Amani, Edward Balish, Michael G. Schmidt, Rick G. Schnellmann, Kenneth D. Chavin – 11 May 2011 – Kupffer cells (KCs) have been shown to be critical mediators of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in the murine liver. Using liposomal clodronate (LC), we found that KCs were protective in models of total hepatic ischemia with bowel congestion. We investigated the role of toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4) in the damage that occurs after I/R in KC‐depleted livers.