Giuseppina Basta, Teresa Navarra, Paolo De Simone, Serena Del Turco, Amalia Gastaldelli, Franco Filipponi – 24 March 2011 – Multiligand receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is expressed in a wide variety of tissues, including the liver. Interactions with its ligands lead to cellular activation and thus prolonged inflammation and apoptosis.
Umberto Baccarani, Vittorio Cherchi, Anna Rossetto, Dario Lorenzin, Gian Luigi Adani – 24 March 2011
Brent A. Neuschwander‐Tetri – 24 March 2011
Chanunta Hongthanakorn, Watcharasak Chotiyaputta, Kelly Oberhelman, Robert J. Fontana, Jorge A. Marrero, Tracy Licari, Anna S. F. Lok – 24 March 2011 – Virological breakthrough (VBT) is the first manifestation of antiviral drug resistance during nucleos(t)ide analogue (NUC) treatment of chronic hepatitis B (CHB), but not all VBTs are due to drug resistance. This study sought to determine the incidence of VBT and genotypic resistance (GR) in patients with CHB who were receiving NUCs in clinical practice. Records of patients with CHB who were receiving NUCs were reviewed.
Evie H. Carchman, Jayashree Rao, Patricia A. Loughran, Matthew R. Rosengart, Brian S. Zuckerbraun – 24 March 2011 – Adaptive responses to sepsis are necessary to prevent organ failure and death. Cellular signaling responses that limit cell death and structural damage allow a cell to withstand insult from sepsis to prevent irreversible organ dysfunction. One such protective pathway to reduce hepatocellular injury is the up‐regulation of heme oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1) signaling.
James A. Thomas, Caroline Pope, Davina Wojtacha, Andrew J. Robson, Timothy T. Gordon‐Walker, Stephen Hartland, Prakash Ramachandran, Marielle Van Deemter, David A. Hume, John P. Iredale, Stuart J. Forbes – 23 March 2011 – Clinical studies of bone marrow (BM) cell therapy for liver cirrhosis are under way but the mechanisms of benefit remain undefined. Cells of the monocyte‐macrophage lineage have key roles in the development and resolution of liver fibrosis. Therefore, we tested the therapeutic effects of these cells on murine liver fibrosis.
Amir A. Ghaffari, Edward K. Chow, Shankar S. Iyer, Jane C. Deng, Genhong Cheng – 23 March 2011 – Viral infections are often linked to altered drug metabolism in patients; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Here we describe a mechanism by which activation of antiviral responses by the synthetic double‐stranded RNA ligand, polyinosinic‐polycytidylic acid (polyI:C), leads to decreased acetaminophen (APAP) metabolism and hepatotoxicity.
Harel Dahari, Jeremie Guedj, Alan S. Perelson – 23 March 2011
Tatiana Kisseleva, David A. Brenner – 23 March 2011
Kaori Kuramitsu, David Gallo, Myunghee Yoon, Beek Y. Chin, Eva Csizmadia, Douglas W. Hanto, Leo E. Otterbein – 23 March 2011 – Hepatocyte proliferation early after liver resection is critical in restoring liver mass and preserving function as the liver regenerates. Carbon monoxide (CO) generated by heme oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1) strongly influences cellular proliferation and both HO‐1 and CO are accepted hepatoprotective molecules. Mice lacking functional HO‐1 were unable to mount an appropriate regenerative response following partial hepatectomy (PHTx) compared to wildtype controls.