Liver grafts contain a unique subset of natural killer cells that are transferred into the recipient after liver transplantation

Viviana Moroso, Herold J. Metselaar, Shanta Mancham, Hugo W. Tilanus, Diana Eissens, Arnold van der Meer, Luc J. W. van der Laan, Ernst J. Kuipers, Irma Joosten, Jaap Kwekkeboom – 25 June 2010 – In contrast to other solid organ transplantations, liver grafts have tolerogenic properties. Animal models indicate that donor leukocytes transferred into the recipient after liver transplantation (LTX) play a relevant role in this tolerogenic phenomenon. However, the specific donor cell types involved in modulation of the recipient alloresponse are not yet defined.

Fatty liver and fibrosis in glycine N‐methyltransferase knockout mice is prevented by nicotinamide

Marta Varela‐Rey, Nuria Martínez‐López, David Fernández‐Ramos, Nieves Embade, Diego F. Calvisi, Aswhin Woodhoo, Juan Rodríguez, Mario F. Fraga, Josep Julve, Elisabeth Rodríguez‐Millán, Itziar Frades, Luís Torres, Zigmund Luka, Conrad Wagner, Manel Esteller, Shelly C. Lu, M. Luz Martínez‐Chantar, José M. Mato – 23 June 2010 – Deletion of glycine N‐methyltransferase (GNMT), the main gene involved in liver S‐adenosylmethionine (SAM) catabolism, leads to the hepatic accumulation of this molecule and the development of fatty liver and fibrosis in mice.

Tissue macrophages suppress viral replication and prevent severe immunopathology in an interferon‐I‐dependent manner in mice

Philipp A. Lang, Mike Recher, Nadine Honke, Stefanie Scheu, Stephanie Borkens, Nicole Gailus, Caroline Krings, Andreas Meryk, Andreas Kulawik, Luisa Cervantes‐Barragan, Nico Van Rooijen, Ulrich Kalinke, Burkhard Ludewig, Hans Hengartner, Nicola Harris, Dieter Häussinger, Pamela S. Ohashi, Rolf M. Zinkernagel, Karl S. Lang – 23 June 2010 – The innate immune response plays an essential role in the prevention of early viral dissemination. We used the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus model system to analyze the role of tissue macrophages/Kupffer cells in this process.

Down‐regulated microRNA‐152 induces aberrant DNA methylation in hepatitis B virus–related hepatocellular carcinoma by targeting DNA methyltransferase 1

Jinfeng Huang, Yue Wang, Yingjun Guo, Shuhan Sun – 23 June 2010 – The hepatitis B virus (HBV) X protein has been implicated as a potential trigger of the epigenetic modifications of some genes during hepatocarcinogenesis, but the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), which are noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression, are involved in diverse biological functions and in carcinogenesis.

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