Julia Szendroedi, Marek Chmelik, Albrecht Ingo Schmid, Peter Nowotny, Attila Brehm, Martin Krssak, Ewald Moser, Michael Roden – 28 September 2009 – Increased hepatocellular lipids relate to insulin resistance and are typical for individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Steatosis and T2DM have been further associated with impaired muscular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) turnover indicating reduced mitochondrial fitness. Thus, we tested the hypothesis that hepatic energy metabolism could be impaired even in metabolically well‐controlled T2DM.

Yingli Shang, Yong Liu, Lei Du, Youliang Wang, Xuan Cheng, Weiming Xiao, Xiaohui Wang, Haijing Jin, Xiao Yang, Shusen Liu, Quan Chen – 28 September 2009 – Normal hepatocytes do not express endogenous uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) in adult liver, although Kupffer cells do, and it is strikingly induced in hepatocytes in steatotic liver and obese conditions. However, the direct link of UCP2 with the pathogenic development of liver diseases and liver injury remains elusive.

Juan Macías, Juan Berenguer, Miguel A. Japón, José A. Girón, Antonio Rivero, Luis F. López‐Cortés, Ana Moreno, Mercedes González‐Serrano, José A. Iribarren, Enrique Ortega, Pilar Miralles, José A. Mira, Juan A. Pineda – 28 September 2009 – A few studies have assessed the observed fibrosis progression between serial liver biopsies (LB) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) / hepatitis C virus (HCV)‐coinfected patients. Approximately half of the patients progressed at least one fibrosis stage over a short period of time. The risk factors for this fast progression need clarification.

Ju Hyun Shim, Dong Jin Suh, Kang Mo Kim, Young‐Suk Lim, Han Chu Lee, Young‐Hwa Chung, Yung Sang Lee – 28 September 2009 – Entecavir (ETV) is currently recommended as a rescue therapy purely for adefovir (ADV)‐resistant chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections. We evaluated the efficacy of ETV in patients who were resistant to lamivudine (LAM)/ADV sequential therapy and in those resistant to LAM monotherapy. Fifty LAM/ADV‐resistant and 38 LAM‐resistant patients who received ETV 1 mg/day for at least 48 weeks were enrolled.

Rohit Loomba, Claude B. Sirlin, Jeffrey B. Schwimmer, Joel E. Lavine – 28 September 2009 – Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has emerged as the leading cause of chronic liver disease in children and adolescents in the United States. A two‐ to three‐fold rise in the rates of obesity and overweight in children over the last two decades is probably responsible for the NAFLD epidemic. Emerging data suggest that children with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) progress to cirrhosis, which may ultimately increase liver‐related mortality.

Sally Chappell, Tamar Guetta‐Baranés, Nedim Hadzic, Robert Stockley, Noor Kalsheker – 28 September 2009

Miriam B. Vos, Craig J. McClain – 28 September 2009

Francesca Bravi, Cristina Bosetti, Alessandra Tavani, Carlo La Vecchia – 28 September 2009

Uta Rabenhorst, Rasa Beinoraviciute‐Kellner, Marie‐Luise Brezniceanu, Stefan Joos, Frauke Devens, Peter Lichter, Ralf J. Rieker, Jörg Trojan, Hye‐Jung Chung, David L. Levens, Martin Zörnig – 28 September 2009 – We identified the far upstream element binding protein 1 (FBP1), an activator of transcription of the proto‐oncogene c‐myc, in a functional yeast survival screen for tumor‐related antiapoptotic proteins and demonstrated strong overexpression of FBP1 in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Julia Németh, Ilan Stein, Daniel Haag, Astrid Riehl, Thomas Longerich, Elad Horwitz, Kai Breuhahn, Christoffer Gebhardt, Peter Schirmacher, Meinhard Hahn, Yinon Ben‐Neriah, Eli Pikarsky, Peter Angel, Jochen Hess – 28 September 2009 – The nuclear factor‐kappaB (NF‐κB) signaling pathway has been recently shown to participate in inflammation‐induced cancer progression. Here, we describe a detailed analysis of the NF‐κB–dependent gene regulatory network in the well‐established Mdr2 knockout mouse model of inflammation‐associated liver carcinogenesis.