The cyclophilin inhibitor Debio 025 combined with PEG IFNα2a significantly reduces viral load in treatment‐naïve hepatitis C patients

Robert Flisiak, Saya V. Feinman, Maciej Jablkowski, Andrzej Horban, Wieslaw Kryczka, Małgorzata Pawlowska, Jenny E. Heathcote, Giuseppe Mazzella, Carmen Vandelli, Valérie Nicolas‐Métral, Pierre Grosgurin, Jorge S.

Hepatitis B virus X protein enhances the transcriptional activity of the androgen receptor through c‐Src and glycogen synthase kinase‐3β kinase pathways

Wan‐Jen Yang, Ching‐Ju Chang, Shiou‐Hwei Yeh, Wei‐Hsiang Lin, Sheng‐Han Wang, Ting‐Fen Tsai, Ding‐Shinn Chen, Pei‐Jer Chen – 27 April 2009 – Hepatitis B virus (HBV)‐related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) occurs predominantly in men. By enhancing the transcriptional activity of the androgen receptor (AR) gene in a ligand‐dependent manner, the HBV X protein (HBx) might contribute to this disparity between sexes. To dissect the mechanisms underlying HBx‐enhanced AR transactivation, we investigated the effect of HBx on two critical steps in the regulation of ligand‐stimulated AR activities.

Diverse roles of invariant natural killer T cells in liver injury and fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride

Ogyi Park, Won‐IL Jeong, Lei Wang, Hua Wang, Zhe‐Xiong Lian, M. Eric Gershwin, Bin Gao – 27 April 2009 – Liver fibrosis is a common scarring response to all forms of chronic liver injury and is always associated with inflammation that contributes to fibrogenesis. Although a variety of cell populations infiltrate the liver during inflammation, it is generically clear that CD8 T lymphocytes promote while natural killer (NK) cells inhibit liver fibrosis. However, the role of invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells, which are abundant in the liver, in hepatic fibrogenesis, remains obscure.

Successful liver transplantation for Budd‐Chiari syndrome in a patient with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria treated with the anti‐complement antibody eculizumab

Andrew L. Singer, Jamye E. Locke, Zoe A. Stewart, Bonnie E. Lonze, James P. Hamilton, Jennifer R. Scudiere, Robert A. Anders, Russell P. Rother, Robert A. Brodsky, Andrew M. Cameron – 27 April 2009 – Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is a rare, acquired hemolytic anemia caused by somatic mutations in the phosphatidylinositol glycan‐complementation class A gene and the resulting absence of a key complement regulatory protein, CD59.

Gene expression profiling of acute cellular rejection in rat liver transplantation using DNA microarrays

Naoki Hama, Yuka Yanagisawa, Keizo Dono, Shogo Kobayashi, Shigeru Marubashi, Hiroaki Nagano, Koji Umeshita, Shinya Watanabe, Yasuo Uchiyama, Morito Monden – 27 April 2009 – Acute cellular rejection (ACR) is still a major problem in organ transplantation, and its genetic and molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. We used DNA microarrays to investigate the gene expression profiles in ACR. We hypothesized that changes of gene expression in grafts could also be detected in peripheral blood leukocytes.

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