The etiology of liver damage imparts cytokines transforming growth factor β1 or interleukin‐13 as driving forces in fibrogenesis

Hong‐Lei Weng, Yan Liu, Jia‐Lin Chen, Tong Huang, Li‐Jun Xu, Patricio Godoy, Jun‐Hua Hu, Cheng Zhou, Felix Stickel, Alexander Marx, Rainer M. Bohle, Vincent Zimmer, Frank Lammert, Sebastian Mueller, Michelle Gigou, Didier Samuel, Peter R. Mertens, Manfred V. Singer, Helmut K.

Single nucleotide polymorphism–mediated translational suppression of endoplasmic reticulum mannosidase I modifies the onset of end‐stage liver disease in alpha1‐antitrypsin deficiency

Shujuan Pan, Lu Huang, John McPherson, Donna Muzny, Farshid Rouhani, Mark Brantly, Richard Gibbs, Richard N. Sifers – 23 June 2009 – Inappropriate accumulation of the misfolded Z variant of alpha1‐antitrypsin in the hepatocyte endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a risk factor for the development of end‐stage liver disease. However, the genetic and environmental factors that contribute to its etiology are poorly understood. ER mannosidase I (ERManI) is a quality control factor that plays a critical role in the sorting and targeting of misfolded glycoproteins for proteasome‐mediated degradation.

Nutritional model of steatohepatitis and metabolic syndrome in the Ossabaw miniature swine

Lydia Lee, Mouhamad Alloosh, Romil Saxena, William Van Alstine, Bruce A. Watkins, James E. Klaunig, Michael Sturek, Naga Chalasani – 23 June 2009 – Miniature pigs residing in the Ossabaw Island (Ossabaw pigs) exhibit a thrifty genotype, and when fed a high‐calorie diet they consistently develop metabolic syndrome defined by obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. We conducted a study to induce steatohepatitis in Ossabaw pigs by dietary manipulation.

p21 is required for dextrose‐mediated inhibition of mouse liver regeneration

Alexander Weymann, Eric Hartman, Vered Gazit, Connie Wang, Martin Glauber, Yumirle Turmelle, David A. Rudnick – 23 June 2009 – The inhibitory effect of dextrose supplementation on liver regeneration was first described more than 4 decades ago. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms responsible for this observation have not been elucidated. We investigated these mechanisms using the partial hepatectomy model in mice given standard or 10% dextrose (D10)‐supplemented drinking water.

MicroRNA‐195 suppresses tumorigenicity and regulates G1/S transition of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells

Teng Xu, Ying Zhu, Yujuan Xiong, Yi‐Yuan Ge, Jing‐Ping Yun, Shi‐Mei Zhuang – 23 June 2009 – Growing evidence indicates that deregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) contributes to tumorigenesis. Down‐regulation of miR‐195 has been observed in various types of cancers. However, the biological function of miR‐195 is still largely unknown. In this study we aimed to elucidate the pathophysiologic role of miR‐195. Our results showed that miR‐195 expression was significantly reduced in as high as 85.7% of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues and in all of the five HCC cell lines examined.

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