Anti‐CD81 antibodies can prevent a hepatitis C virus infection in vivo

Philip Meuleman, Joseph Hesselgesser, Matthew Paulson, Thomas Vanwolleghem, Isabelle Desombere, Hans Reiser, Geert Leroux‐Roels – 24 November 2008 – The viral life cycle of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) has been studied mainly using different in vitro cell culture models. Studies using pseudoviral particles (HCVpp) and more recently cell culture–derived virus (HCVcc) suggest that at least three host cell molecules are important for HCV entry in vitro: the tetraspanin CD81, the scavenger receptor class B member I, and the tight junction protein Claudin‐1.

Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) regulates hepatic lipogenesis, microsomal triglyceride transfer protein, and the secretion of apolipoprotein B–containing lipoproteins

Wei Qiu, Lisa Federico, Mark Naples, Rita Kohen Avramoglu, Reza Meshkani, Jing Zhang, Julie Tsai, Mahmood Hussain, Kezhi Dai, Jahangir Iqbal, Christopher D. Kontos, Yasuo Horie, Akira Suzuki, Khosrow Adeli – 24 November 2008 – Hepatic apolipoprotein B (apoB) lipoprotein production is metabolically regulated via the phosphoinositide 3‐kinase cascade; however, the role of the key negative regulator of this pathway, the tumor suppressor phosphatase with tensin homology (PTEN), is unknown.

Tezosentan, a novel endothelin receptor antagonist, markedly reduces rat hepatic ischemia and reperfusion injury in three different models

Douglas G. Farmer, Fady Kaldas, Dean Anselmo, Masamichi Katori, Xiu‐Da Shen, Charles Lassman, Marian Kaldas, Martine Clozel, Ronald W. Busuttil, Jerzy Kupiec‐Weglinski – 24 November 2008 – This study investigated the effects of dual endothelin (ET) receptor blockade in rat models of liver ischemia and reperfusion injury (IRI).

Proteomic profiling reveals the prognostic value of adenomatous polyposis coli–end‐binding protein 1 in hepatocellular carcinoma

Tatsuya Orimo, Hidenori Ojima, Nobuyoshi Hiraoka, Shigeru Saito, Tomoo Kosuge, Tatsuhiko Kakisaka, Hideki Yokoo, Kazuaki Nakanishi, Toshiya Kamiyama, Satoru Todo, Setsuo Hirohashi, Tadashi Kondo – 24 November 2008 – Histological differentiation is a major pathological parameter associated with poor prognosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the molecular signature underlying HCC differentiation may involve key proteins potentially affecting the malignant characters of HCC.

Ethanol and arachidonic acid synergize to activate Kupffer cells and modulate the fibrogenic response via tumor necrosis factor α, reduced glutathione, and transforming growth factor β–dependent mechanisms

Francisco Javier Cubero, Natalia Nieto – 24 November 2008 – Because of the contribution of ethanol and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) to alcoholic liver disease, we investigated whether chronic ethanol administration and arachidonic acid (AA) could synergistically mediate Kupffer cell (KC) activation and modulate the stellate cell (HSC) fibrogenic response.

Acute kidney injury in cirrhosis

Guadalupe Garcia‐Tsao, Chirag R. Parikh, Antonella Viola – 24 November 2008 – Acute renal failure (ARF), recently renamed acute kidney injury (AKI), is a relatively frequent problem, occurring in approximately 20% of hospitalized patients with cirrhosis. Although serum creatinine may underestimate the degree of renal dysfunction in cirrhosis, measures to diagnose and treat AKI should be made in patients in whom serum creatinine rises abruptly by 0.3 mg/dL or more (≥26.4 μmol/L) or increases by 150% or more (1.5‐fold) from baseline.

Pathobiology of biliary epithelia and cholangiocarcinoma: Proceedings of the Henry M. and Lillian Stratton basic research single‐topic conference

Alphonse E. Sirica, Michael H. Nathanson, Gregory J. Gores, Nicholas F. LaRusso – 24 November 2008 – In June 2008, the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD) sponsored the Henry M. and Lillian Stratton Basic Research Single‐Topic Conference on the Pathobiology of Biliary Epithelia and Cholangiocarcinoma, which was held in Atlanta, GA. Attendees from 12 different countries participated in this conference, making it a truly international scientific event.

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