Adiponectin gene polymorphisms modulate acute adiponectin response to dietary fat: Possible pathogenetic role in NASH

Giovanni Musso, Roberto Gambino, Franco De Michieli, Marilena Durazzo, Gianfranco Pagano, Maurizio Cassader – 29 February 2008 – Factors underlying the independent association of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) with increased cardiovascular risk are unknown. Adiponectin polymorphisms predict cardiometabolic risk in the general population. This association is not always mediated by low fasting adiponectin levels, adipose tissue accumulation, or traditional risk factors.

Oxygen desaturation during sleep in hepatopulmonary syndrome

David T. Palma, George M. Philips, Miguel R. Arguedas, Susan M. Harding, Michael B. Fallon – 29 February 2008 – Sleep alters respiratory mechanics and gas exchange, which can adversely affect arterial oxygenation. Whether sleep affects oxygenation in hepatopulmonary syndrome is unknown. The aim of this study was to assess oxygen desaturation during sleep in hepatopulmonary syndrome. Twenty adults with cirrhosis including 10 controls and 10 patients with hepatopulmonary syndrome underwent home pulse‐oximetry during sleep.

“Splenic artery steal syndrome” is a misnomer: The cause is portal hyperperfusion, not arterial siphon

Cristiano Quintini, Kenzo Hirose, Koji Hashimoto, Teresa Diago, Federico Aucejo, Bijan Eghtesad, David Vogt, Gregory Pierce, Mark Baker, Dympna Kelly, Charles M. Miller – 27 February 2008 – Splenic artery embolization (SAE) improves hepatic artery (HA) flow in liver transplant (OLT) recipients with so‐called splenic artery steal syndrome. We propose that SAE actually improves HA flow by reducing the HA buffer response (HABR). Patient 1: On postoperative day (POD) 1, Doppler ultrasonography (US) showed patent vasculature with HA resistive index (RI) of 0.8.

Bacterial DNA in patients with cirrhosis and noninfected ascites mimics the soluble immune response established in patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis

Rubén Francés, Pedro Zapater, José M. González‐Navajas, Carlos Muñoz, Rocío Caño, Rocío Moreu, Sonia Pascual, Pablo Bellot, Miguel Pérez‐Mateo, José Such – 27 February 2008 – Bacterial infections and severity of associated inflammatory reaction influence prognosis in patients with advanced cirrhosis. We compared the innate immune response to bacterial DNA (bactDNA) translocation with that caused by viable bacteria translocation in patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and the relationship between the cytokine response and serum levels of bactDNA.

A molecular link between inflammation and fibrogenesis: The bacterial microflora influences hepatic fibrosis via toll‐like receptor 4–dependent modification of transforming growth factor‐β signaling in hepatic stellate cells

Continuous right ventricular end diastolic volume and right ventricular ejection fraction during liver transplantation: A multicenter study

Giorgio Della Rocca, Maria Gabriella Costa, Paolo Feltracco, Gianni Biancofiore, Bruno Begliomini, Stefania Taddei, Cecilia Coccia, Livia Pompei, Pierangelo Di Marco, Paolo Pietropaoli – 27 February 2008 – Cardiac preload is traditionally considered to be represented by its filling pressures, but more recently, estimations of end diastolic volume of the left or right ventricle have been shown to better reflect preload.

Differential effects of calcineurin inhibitors, tacrolimus and cyclosporin a, on interferon‐induced antiviral protein in human hepatocyte cells

Kumi Hirano, Tatsuki Ichikawa, Kazuhiko Nakao, Azusa Matsumoto, Hisamitsu Miyaaki, Hidetaka Shibata, Susumu Eguchi, Mitsuhisa Takatsuki, Masanori Ikeda, Hironori Yamasaki, Nobuyuki Kato, Takashi Kanematsu, Nobuko Ishii, Katsumi Eguchi – 27 February 2008 – The premise of our study is that selective inhibition of interferon (IFN) by calcineurin inhibitors contribute to the increased severity of hepatitis C virus (HCV) posttransplantation.

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