Alcohol increases tumor necrosis factor α and decreases nuclear factor‐κb to activate hepatic apoptosis in genetically obese mice

Marie‐Anne Robin, Christine Demeilliers, Angéla Sutton, Valérie Paradis, Caroline Maisonneuve, Sylvie Dubois, Odile Poirel, Philippe Lettéron, Dominique Pessayre, Bernard Fromenty – 29 November 2005 – Both obesity and alcohol can cause oxidative stress, cytokine induction, and steatohepatitis. To determine the consequences of their combination, we compared the hepatic effects of moderate ethanol binges in lean and obese ob/ob mice. Mice received water or ethanol (2.5 g/kg) by gastric intubation daily for 4 days, and were killed 2 hours after the last administration.

Accelerated hepatitis C virus kinetics but similar survival rates in recipients of liver grafts from living versus deceased donors

Thomas D. Schiano, Julio A. Gutierrez, Jose L. Walewski, M. Isabel Fiel, Bonnie Cheng, Henry Bodenheimer, Swan N. Thung, Raymond T. Chung, Myron E. Schwartz, Carol Bodian, Andrea D. Branch – 29 November 2005 – This study tested the hypothesis that hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA and core antigen levels rise more rapidly after liver transplantation (LT) in recipients of grafts from living donors (LD) versus deceased donors (DD). Eleven consecutive LD and 15 DD recipients were followed prospectively. Before LT, median HCV RNA levels were similar: 5.42 (LDLT) and 5.07 (DDLT) log10 IU/mL (P = NS).

OSTα‐OSTβ: A major basolateral bile acid and steroid transporter in human intestinal, renal, and biliary epithelia

Nazzareno Ballatori, Whitney V. Christian, Jin Young Lee, Paul A. Dawson, Carol J. Soroka, James L. Boyer, Michael S. Madejczyk, Na Li – 29 November 2005 – The cellular and subcellular localization and mechanism of transport of the heteromeric organic solute transporter (OST) OSTα‐OSTβ was examined in human and rodent epithelia. The two subunits of the transporter were expressed together in human small intestine, kidney, and liver, tissues that also express the apical sodium‐dependent bile acid uptake transporter ASBT (SLC10A2).

A prospective study on downstaging of hepatocellular carcinoma prior to liver transplantation

Francis Y. Yao, Ryutaro Hirose, Jeanne M. LaBerge, Timothy J. Davern, Nathan M. Bass, Robert K. Kerlan, Raphael Merriman, Sandy Feng, Chris E. Freise, Nancy L. Ascher, John P. Roberts – 28 November 2005 – In patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) exceeding conventional (T2) criteria for orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT), the feasibility and outcome following loco‐regional therapy intended for tumor downstaging to meet T2 criteria for OLT are unknown.

Liver transplantation for erythropoietic protoporphyria liver disease

Brendan M. McGuire, Herbert L. Bonkovsky, Robert L. Carithers, Raymond T. Chung, Leonard I. Goldstein, John R. Lake, Anna S. Lok, Carol J. Potter, Elizabeth Rand, Michael D. Voigt, Pamela R. Davis, Joseph R. Bloomer – 28 November 2005 – In erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP), there is excessive production of protoporphyrin, primarily in the bone marrow, resulting in increased biliary excretion of this heme precursor. Some patients will develop progressive liver disease that may ultimately require liver transplantation.

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