Ignazio Grattagliano, Stefan Russmann, Vincenzo O. Palmieri, Peter Jüni, Florian Bihl, Piero Portincasa, Giuseppe Palasciano, Bernhard H. Lauterburg – 26 April 2004 – Hemolysis is a frequent adverse effect of ribavirin (RBV). It has been suggested that oxidative stress plays a role, but mechanisms and predictive risk factors for severe forms remain unknown.
Gerald U. Denk, Carol J. Soroka, Albert Mennone, Hermann Koepsell, Ulrich Beuers, James L. Boyer – 26 April 2004 – The liver plays a major role in biotransformation and elimination of various therapeutic agents and xenobiotics, many of which are organic cations and substrates of the organic cation transporter 1 (Oct1, Slc22a1). Oct1 is expressed at the basolateral membranes of hepatocytes and proximal renal tubules. Although Oct1 is the major uptake mechanism in hepatocytes for many pharmaceutical compounds, little is known about the effects of liver injury on this process.
Nektarios Dikopoulos, Ursula Wegenka, Andrea Kröger, Hansjörg Hauser, Reinhold Schirmbeck, Jörg Reimann – 26 April 2004 – Large number of T cells traffic through the liver. In order to examine the effects of such traffic on the phenotype of hepatocytes, we vaccinated mice using DNA vaccines encoding antigens with MHC class I‐binding epitopes. Small numbers of activated CD8+ T blasts (105–106/liver) changed the surface phenotype and cytokine expression profile of hepatocytes (HCs).
Makoto Ochi, Hideki Ohdan, Hiroshi Mitsuta, Takashi Onoe, Daisuke Tokita, Hidetaka Hara, Kohei Ishiyama, Wendy Zhou, Yuka Tanaka, Toshimasa Asahara – 26 April 2004 – Although it is known that activation of natural killer (NK) cells causes liver injury, the mechanisms underlying NK cell‐induced killing of self‐hepatocytes are not clear. We demonstrated that liver NK cells have cytotoxicity against normal syngeneic hepatocytes in mice. Polyinosinic‐polycytidylic acid (poly I:C) treatment enhanced hepatocyte toxicity of liver NK cells but not that of spleen NK cells.
Baochun Zhang, Shubing Liu, Michele D. Perpetua, William H. Walker, Brian G. Harbrecht – 26 April 2004 – The cyclic AMP response element (CRE) has been implicated in the regulation of the expression of many genes and cellular processes important in hepatocyte function. CRE sites exist in the promoter regions of several genes expressed during inflammation. Numerous studies on the role of CRE in hepatocyte gene expression have been performed in resting hepatocytes, but the role of CRE during inflammation is unknown.
Adrian Reuben – 26 April 2004
Chien‐Jen Chen, Li‐Yu Wang, Yin‐Chu Chien – 26 April 2004
Jesus A. Villanueva, Charles H. Halsted – 26 April 2004 – Alcoholic liver disease is associated with abnormal hepatic methionine metabolism, including increased levels of homocysteine and S‐adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) and reduced levels of S‐adenosylmethionine (SAM) and glutathione (GSH).
Karla J. Helbig, Andrew Ruszkiewicz, Ljiljana Semendric, Hugh A.J. Harley, Shaun R. McColl, Michael R. Beard – 26 April 2004 – The factors that regulate lymphocyte traffic in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) are not completely defined. Interferon (IFN)‐inducible T cell α chemoattractant (I‐TAC) is a relatively new member of the CXCR3 chemokine ligand family that selectively recruits activated T cells to sites of inflammation. To determine if I‐TAC plays a role in CHC, we investigated I‐TAC expression in hepatitis C virus (HCV)‐infected liver biopsy material.
Tri H. Le, Stephen H. Caldwell, Jan A. Redick, Bonnie L. Sheppard, Christine A. Davis, Kristen O. Arseneau, Julia C. Iezzoni, Elizabeth E. Hespenheide, Abdullah Al‐Osaimi, Theresa C. Peterson – 26 April 2004 – Megamitochondria with crystalline inclusions (MMC) have been previously described in nonalcoholic fatty liver; however, their distribution within hepatic zones is unknown. We sought to determine this distribution from the core liver biopsy specimens of 31 patients: 8 males and 23 females, age range 21 to 72 years.