Michael Charlton – 20 May 2004

Lei Guo, Xiao‐Kang Li, Shin Enosawa, Naoko Funeshima, Seiichi Suzuki, Hiromitsu Kimura, Yasuhiko Sugawara, Katsunari Tezuka, Masatoshi Makuuchi – 20 May 2004 – A member of the costimulatory molecule family, inducible costimulator (ICOS), is expressed on activated T cells and plays a critical role in their primary activation and cytokine production. ICOS is involved in different immune phenomena, such as Th1‐mediated autoimmune disease and graft rejection.

Hee Chul Yu, Heecheon You, Ho Lee, Zhe‐Wu Jin, Jang Il Moon, Baik Hwan Cho – 20 May 2004 – The standard liver volume (LV) of a recipient is estimated in liver transplantation to determine the minimum LV necessary for the recipient. Simple linear formulas of LV estimation were developed for the Japanese and Caucasian populations. The present study examined the applicability of the reported formulas to the Korean population. Liver density (LD) was determined by analyzing 24 healthy livers.

Koo‐Jeong Kang, Jae Hwi Jang, Tae Jin Lim, Yuna Kang, Kwan Kyu Park, In Seon Lee, Pierre‐Alain Clavien – 20 May 2004 – We designed this experimental study to determine the optimal cycle for intermittent inflow occlusion during liver resection. A cycle of intermittent clamping (IC) for 15 minutes of ischemia followed by reperfusion for 5 minutes during liver resection is currently the most popular protocol used by experienced liver centers. As each period of reperfusion is associated with bleeding, longer periods of clamping would be advantageous.

Ronnie T. Poon, Sheung Tat Fan – 20 May 2004

Hiroshi Imamura, Norihiko Kokudo, Yasuhiko Sugawara, Keiji Sano, Jun‐ichi Kaneko, Tadatoshi Takayama, Masatoshi Makuuchi – 20 May 2004 – While inflow occlusion techniques such as Pringle's maneuver are accepted methods of reducing bleeding without inducing liver injury during liver surgery, donor hepatectomy for living donor liver transplantation is currently performed without inflow occlusion for fear that injury to the graft may result.

Zhen Fan Yang, Tung Yu Tsui, David W. Ho, Terence C. Tang, Sheung‐Tat Fan – 20 May 2004 – This study aims to clarify the role of heme oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1) in small‐for‐size liver transplantation. Transplantation was performed using 40% small‐for‐size or 100% whole liver grafts in rats. When no treatment was given, over‐expression of HO‐1 was detected predominantly in the small‐for‐size grafts at 6 hours after reperfusion as compared to whole grafts in both syngeneic and allogeneic combinations.

DeokBog Moon, SungGyu Lee, Shin Hwang, KwangMin Park, KiHun Kim, ChulSoo Ahn, YoungJoo Lee, TaeYong Ha, SeongHun Cho, KiBong Oh, YeonDae Kim, KeonKuk Kim – 20 May 2004 – We considered performing living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) in a larger‐size recipient. When the recipient was large‐sized, or when the donor liver was severely steatotic or had a right‐to‐left volume discrepancy. We devised dual living donor liver transplantation (DLDLT) to make up for graft size insufficiency and to secure the donor's safety.

Yasutsugu Takada, Mikiko Ueda, Yukika Ishikawa, Yasuhiro Fujimoto, Hideaki Miyauchi, Yasuhiro Ogura, Takenori Ochiai, Koichi Tanaka – 20 May 2004 – In the development of adult‐to‐adult living donor liver transplantation (LDLT), the small‐for‐size graft has been associated with poor clinical outcome. Persistent portal hypertension or portal venous overperfusion are considered to be causative factors, and partial diversion of portal flow to systemic circulation may be effective for avoiding injuries that occur in the small‐for‐size (SFS) graft.

Norihito Ise, Tsutomu Sato, Ouki Yasui, Go Watanabe, Kenji Koyama, Kunihiko Terada, Toshihiro Sugiyama, Yuzo Yamamoto – 20 May 2004 – It is known that hepatic progenitor cells increase in number after liver injury caused by carcinogens, but this injury cannot be reproduced in humans. In order to create a practical source of hepatic progenitor cells, changes in the number of liver epithelial cells (LECs), a type of hepatic progenitor cell, were examined following partial interruption of the portal flow.