Prospective study comparing the efficacy of prophylactic parenteral antimicrobials, with or without enteral decontamination, in patients with acute liver failure

Nancy Rolando, Jeremy J. Wade, Arie Stangou, Alexander E. S. Gimson, Julia Wendon, John Philpott‐Howard, Mark W. Casewell, Roger Williams – 1 January 1996 – The efficacy of prophylactic parenteral antibacterials, with or without selective decontamination of the digestive tract, was compared in patients with acute liver failure (ALF) or severe acetaminophen hepatotoxicity.

Hepatitis C dilemma?

Nancy L. Ascher, Cyrille Féray, Didier Samuel, Michèle Gigou, Valérie Paradis, Marie Françoise David, Catherine Lemonnier – 1 January 1996 – The aim of this open trial was to assess the efficacy and the safety of interferon (IFN) alfa therapy in liver transplant recipients with chronic active hepatitis caused by hepatitis C virus. In July 1991, among 447 liver recipients regularly observed at our institution, 46 had developed HCV‐related chronic active hepatitis defined by piece meal necrosis.

Direct measurement of hepatic indocyanine green clearance with near‐infrared spectroscopy: Separate evaluation of uptake and removal

H Shinohara, A Tanaka, T Kitai, N Yanabu, T Inomoto, S Satoh, E Hatano, Y Yamaoka, K Hirao – 1 January 1996 – We continuously measured hepatic absorbance of indocyanine green (ICG) using near‐infrared (NIR) spectroscopy after intravenous bolus injection in rabbits. Hepatic ICG concentration was obtained by subtracting out the absorbance of hemoglobin and other pigments within the liver.

Proliferation, apoptosis, and induction of hepatic transcription factors are characteristics of the early response of biliary epithelial (oval) cells to chemical carcinogens

H C Bisgaard, P Nagy, E Santoni‐Rugiu, S S Thorgeirsson – 1 January 1996 – In this study, we used [3H]thymidine labeling of newly synthesized DNA to examine the earliest effects of 2‐acetylaminofluorene (2‐AAF) on the mitotic activation of cells in the adult rat liver, and in situ hybridization analysis to study the expression of three transcription factors (HNF1 beta, HNF3 γ, and HNF4), and two of the genes (α‐fetoprotein [AFP] and albumin) regulated by these factors.

Cytokine inhibition of the hepatitis B virus core promoter

R Romero, J E Lavine – 1 January 1996 – Hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA contains consensus elements for transactivating proteins whose binding activity in other systems is regulated by inflammatory cytokines. Because HBV replicates within an environment of provoked inflammation, we speculated that the HBV core/pregenomic promoter may be regulated by cytokines produced in response to infection. To evaluate this hypothesis, the HBV core/pregenomic (C/P) promoter and associated cis‐acting elements were placed upstream of a luciferase‐encoding plasmid.

The influence of prostaglandin E1 on platelet adherence and injury in preserved rat liver allografts

Robert Cywes, P. Robert C. Harvey, Marian A. Packham, Ross Cameron, Steven M. Strasberg – 1 January 1996 – We have previously shown that part of the injury sustained by cold‐preserved livers on reperfusion is the consequence of platelet adhesion to sinusoidal endothelium. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) can reduce the injury and if so, how to maximize this beneficial effect.

The hepatic microcirculation in the isolated perfused human liver

J Villeneuve, M Dagenais, P Huet, A Roy, R Lapointe, D Marleau – 1 January 1996 – In cirrhosis, capillarization of sinusoids could result in impaired exchanges between the hepatocytes and the blood perfusing the liver and contribute to liver failure irrespective of the metabolic capacity of the liver. To characterize anomalies of the hepatic microcirculation, we used the multiple‐indicator dilution approach in isolated perfused livers obtained from patients with cirrhosis at the time of transplantation, and from organ donors with normal or near‐normal livers or hepatic steatosis.

Subscribe to