The Rome Group for Epidemiology and Prevention of Cholelithiasis (GREPCO) – 1 July 1988 – The epidemiological associations of gallstone disease were evaluated in a population of 2,325 civil servants (1,244 men and 1,081 women) in Rome, Italy, which was enrolled in a cross‐sectional survey on cholelithiasis. Participants were screened for the presence of gallstones by gallbladder ultrasonography, completed a questionnaire on family and personal history and underwent a physical examination and blood chemistry.

Gilbert Reibnegger, Ingeborg Auhuber, Dietmar Fuchs, Arno Hausen, Gert Judmaier, Christian Prior, Ernst R. Werner, Helmut Wachter – 1 July 1988 – Elevated neopterin levels in blood or urine have been shown to be a marker for the activation of cell‐mediated immunity in vitro and in vivo.

Yoram Bujanover, Sergio Amarri, Emanuel Lebenthal, James K. Petell – 1 July 1988 – The regulation of different maturational processes in the liver is believed to be influenced by the hormonal system. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of two hormones, glucagon and dexamethasone, on levels of plasma membrane proteins in rat liver cells during late fetal and early postnatal stages of development.

1 July 1988

David Y. Graham – 1 July 1988

Willis C. Maddrey, David H. Van Thiel – 1 July 1988

Y. Peled, Z. Halpern, R. Baruch, G. Goldman, T. Gilat – 1 July 1988 – This study was performed to determine whether biliary cholesterol nucleates primarily from vesicles or micelles. Twenty gallbladder biles and 12 hepatic biles from patients with gallstones as well as 16 model biles were examined. The nucleation times (days) of the biles as well as their isolated vesicular and micellar fractions were determined and their lipid composition was analyzed. In 41 of 46 comparisons, cholesterol nucleated faster from vesicles than micelles; in only one case was the opposite found.

Toshikazu Uchida, Koyu Suzuki, Yasunori Okuda, Toshio Shikata – 1 July 1988 – An attempt was made to infect primary duck hepatocyte cultures with duck hepatitis B virus in vitro in order to clarify the biology of hepatitis B virus. Livers of ducklings, 0 to 17 days posthatch, without viremia were digested ex situ by perfusion of collagenase solution through the portal or hepatic vein.

Ian R. Wanless – 1 July 1988

Roland Schachler, Tilman Sauerbruch, Ulrich Wosiewitz, Joseph Holl, Dietbert Hahn, Roland Denk, Michael Neubrand, Gustav Paumgartner – 1 July 1988 – Eighty in vitro experiments were performed with single (n = 51) or multiple (n = 29) gallstones in order to find out which parameters are of prime importance for their disintegration by extracorporeal shock waves. A Dornier lithotripter and an upper limit of 1,500 discharges were employed.