Heterozygosity of the Alpha 1‐Antitrypsin Pi*Z Allele and Risk of Liver Disease

Aaron Hakim, Matthew Moll, Dandi Qiao, Jiangyuan Liu, Jessica A. Lasky‐Su, Edwin K. Silverman, Silvia Vilarinho, Z. Gordon Jiang, Brian D. Hobbs, Michael H. Cho – 2 April 2021 – The serpin family A member 1 (SERPINA1) Z allele is present in approximately one in 25 individuals of European ancestry. Z allele homozygosity (Pi*ZZ) is the most common cause of alpha 1‐antitrypsin deficiency and is a proven risk factor for cirrhosis. We examined whether heterozygous Z allele (Pi*Z) carriers in United Kingdom (UK) Biobank, a population‐based cohort, are at increased risk of liver disease.

Mechanistic Rationales Guiding Combination Hepatocellular Carcinoma Therapies Involving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors

Jacinth Wing‐Sum Cheu, Carmen Chak‐Lui Wong – 2 April 2021 – Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the deadliest cancers because of late symptom manifestation leading to delayed diagnosis, which limits patients with HCC in terms of receiving curative surgical treatment. There are only a few therapeutic options for patients with advanced HCC. The emergence of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) brings HCC treatment to a stage at which nivolumab, an anti–programmed cell death protein 1 monoclonal antibody, achieves a 20% response rate.

Pharmacokinetics, Safety, and Efficacy of Glecaprevir/Pibrentasvir in Children With Chronic HCV: Part 2 of the DORA Study

Maureen M. Jonas, Susan Rhee, Deirdre A. Kelly, Antonio Del Valle‐Segarra, Cornelia Feiterna‐Sperling, Susan Gilmour, Regino P. Gonzalez‐Peralta, Loreto Hierro, Daniel H. Leung, Simon C. Ling, Yuri Lobzin, Steven Lobritto, Tatsuki Mizuochi, Michael R. Narkewicz, Vishakha Sabharwal, Jessica Wen, Hoi Kei Lon, John Marcinak, Andrew Topp, Rakesh Tripathi, Etienne Sokal – 1 April 2021

Impact of Sodium Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors on Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Complicated by Diabetes Mellitus

Enxiang Zhang, Yang Zhao, Hongbo Hu – 1 April 2021 – Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2), a type of membrane protein highly expressed in the kidney, can regulate plasma glucose through the glomerular filtration process by reabsorption from the kidney. SGLT2 inhibitors, which are newly developed oral antidiabetic drugs, can play a role in liver diseases by inhibiting SGLT2‐mediated renal glucose reabsorption and inducing glycosuria. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common type of liver disease, resulting in severe liver dysfunction.

The Exosome‐Associated Tetraspanin CD63 Contributes to the Efficient Assembly and Infectivity of the Hepatitis B Virus

Masashi Ninomiya, Jun Inoue, Eugene W. Krueger, Jing Chen, Hong Cao, Atsushi Masamune, Mark A. McNiven – 30 March 2021 – Currently, the hepatocellular trafficking pathways that are used by the hepatitis B virus (HBV) during viral infection and shedding are poorly defined. It is known that the HBV uses late endosomal and multivesicular body (MVB) compartments for assembly and release. The intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) generated within MVBs have also been implicated in the late synthesis stages of a variety of pathogenic viruses.

Subscribe to