A North American Expert Opinion Statement on Sarcopenia in Liver Transplantation

Elizabeth J. Carey, Jennifer C. Lai, Christopher Sonnenday, Elliot B. Tapper, Puneeta Tandon, Andres Duarte‐Rojo, Michael A. Dunn, Cynthia Tsien, Eric R. Kallwitz, Vicky Ng, Srinivasan Dasarathy, Matthew Kappus, Mustafa R. Bashir, Aldo J. Montano‐Loza – 20 June 2019 – Loss of muscle mass and function, or sarcopenia, is a common feature of cirrhosis and contributes significantly to morbidity and mortality in this population.

Ledipasvir‐Sofosbuvir for 12 Weeks in Children 3 to <6 Years Old With Chronic Hepatitis C

Kathleen B. Schwarz, Philip Rosenthal, Karen F. Murray, Jonathan R. Honegger, Winita Hardikar, Rosie Hague, Naveen Mittal, Benedetta Massetto, Diana M. Brainard, Chia‐Hsiang Hsueh, Jiang Shao, Bandita Parhy, Michael R. Narkewicz, Girish S. Rao, Suzanne Whitworth, Sanjay Bansal, William F. Balistreri – 20 June 2019 – For children under 12 years of age who have chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, there are currently no approved treatments with direct‐acting antiviral agents.

Neuroinflammation in Murine Cirrhosis Is Dependent on the Gut Microbiome and Is Attenuated by Fecal Transplant

Runping Liu, Jason D. Kang, R. Balfour Sartor, Masoumeh Sikaroodi, Andrew Fagan, Edith A. Gavis, Huiping Zhou, Phillip B. Hylemon, Jeremy W. Herzog, Xiaojiaoyang Li, Robert H. Lippman, Javier Gonzalez‐Maeso, James B. Wade, Siddhartha Ghosh, Emily Gurley, Patrick M. Gillevet, Jasmohan S. Bajaj – 20 June 2019 – Cirrhosis and hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is associated with an altered gut–liver–brain axis. Fecal microbial transplant (FMT) after antibiotics improves outcomes in HE, but the impact on brain function is unclear.

Exome Sequencing in Clinical Hepatology

Sílvia Vilarinho, Pramod K. Mistry – 20 June 2019 – The clinical relevance of the Human Genome Project and next‐generation sequencing technology was demonstrated for the first time in 2009, when whole‐exome sequencing (WES) provided the definitive diagnosis of congenital chloride diarrhea in an infant with presumed renal salt‐wasting disease. Over the past decade, numerous studies have shown the utility of WES for clinical diagnosis as well as for discovery of novel genetic disorders through analysis of a single or a handful of informative pedigrees.

Sestrin 3 Protects Against Diet‐Induced Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis in Mice Through Suppression of Transforming Growth Factor β Signal Transduction

Menghao Huang, Hyeong Geug Kim, Xiaolin Zhong, Chuanpeng Dong, Brian Zhang, Zhigang Fang, Yang Zhang, Xiaoyu Lu, Romil Saxena, Yunlong Liu, Chi Zhang, Suthat Liangpunsakul, X. Charlie Dong – 19 June 2019 – Sestrin 3 (Sesn3) belongs to the three‐member sestrin protein family. Sestrins have been implicated in antioxidative stress, adenosine monophosphate–activated protein kinase and mammalian target of rapamycin signal transduction, and metabolic homeostasis. However, the role of Sesn3 in the development of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) has not been previously studied.

NAD(P)H Quinone Dehydrogenase 1 Ablation Inhibits Activation of the Phosphoinositide 3‐Kinase/Akt Serine/Threonine Kinase and Mitogen‐Activated Protein Kinase/Extracellular Signal‐Regulated Kinase Pathways and Blocks Metabolic Adaptation in Hepatocellular

Manali Dimri, Ashley Humphries, Archana Laknaur, Sawsan Elattar, Tae Jin Lee, Ashok Sharma, Ravindra Kolhe, Ande Satyanarayana – 19 June 2019 – Cancer cells undergo metabolic adaptation to sustain uncontrolled proliferation. Aerobic glycolysis and glutaminolysis are two of the most essential characteristics of cancer metabolic reprogramming.

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