Portal pressure and liver stiffness measurements in the prediction of fibrosis regression after sustained virological response in recurrent hepatitis C

Ezequiel Mauro, Gonzalo Crespo, Carla Montironi, Maria‐Carlota Londoño, Virginia Hernández‐Gea, Pablo Ruiz, Lydia Sastre, Julissa Lombardo, Zoe Mariño, Alba Díaz, Jordi Colmenero, Antoni Rimola, Juan Carlos Garcia‐Pagán, Mercé Brunet, Xavier Forns, Miquel Navasa – 27 September 2017 – Sustained virological response (SVR) improves survival in post‐liver transplant (LT) recurrent hepatitis C. However, the impact of SVR on fibrosis regression is not well defined.

The ectonucleotidase ENTPD1/CD39 limits biliary injury and fibrosis in mouse models of sclerosing cholangitis

Zhen‐Wei Peng, Sonja Rothweiler, Guangyan Wei, Naoki Ikenaga, Susan B. Liu, Deanna Y. Sverdlov, Kahini A. Vaid, Maria Serena Longhi, Ming Kuang, Simon C. Robson, Yury V. Popov – 26 September 2017 – The pathogenesis of primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and the mechanistic link to inflammatory bowel disease remain ill‐defined. Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase‐1 (ENTPD1)/clusters of differentiation (CD) 39, the dominant purinergic ecto‐enzyme, modulates intestinal inflammation. Here, we have explored the role of CD39 in biliary injury and fibrosis.

Progression of liver fibrosis is associated with non‐liver‐related mortality in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Toshifumi Tada, Takashi Kumada, Hidenori Toyoda, Kazuyuki Mizuno, Yasuhiro Sone, Tomoyuki Akita, Junko Tanaka – 26 September 2017 – In patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), prognosis and outcome, especially non‐liver‐related mortality, remain incompletely elucidated. We clarified the mortality from all causes in patients with NAFLD. A total of 4,073 patients with NAFLD diagnosed by ultrasonography were enrolled.

Segregated hepatocyte proliferation and metabolic states within the regenerating mouse liver

Shilpi Minocha, Dominic Villeneuve, Leonor Rib, Catherine Moret, Nicolas Guex, Winship Herr – 26 September 2017 – Mammalian partial hepatectomy (PH) induces an orchestrated compensatory hyperplasia, or regeneration, in remaining tissue to restore liver mass; during this process, liver functions are maintained. We probed this process in mice with feeding‐ and light/dark‐entrained animals subjected to sham or PH surgery.

Salvage liver transplantation or repeat hepatectomy for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma: An intent‐to‐treat analysis

Chetana Lim, Hiroji Shinkawa, Kiyoshi Hasegawa, Prashant Bhangui, Chady Salloum, Concepcion Gomez Gavara, Eylon Lahat, Kiyohiko Omichi, Junichi Arita, Yoshihiro Sakamoto, Philippe Compagnon, Cyrille Feray, Norihiro Kokudo, Daniel Azoulay – 25 September 2017 – The salvage liver transplantation (LT) strategy was conceived for initially resectable and transplantable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) to obviate upfront transplantation, with salvage LT in the case of recurrence. The longterm outcomes of a second resection for recurrent HCC have improved.

Complexity and function of natural killer T cells with potential application to hepatic transplant survival

Randle Ware, Vipin Kumar – 25 September 2017 – One of the major innate‐like lymphocyte populations enriched in the liver consists of natural killer T (NKT) cells, which recognize self and foreign lipid antigens presented by the nonpolymorphic class I major histocompatibility complex–like molecule CD1d. NKT cells express natural killer cell markers as well as T cell receptors (TCRs) and can be classified into 2 categories: type I NKT cells use a semi‐invariant TCR, whereas type II NKT cells express diverse but still limited TCRs.

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